Tag: M.W=100-200

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Nature (London, United Kingdom) called Formation of 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in the cyanobromination of lanthionine, Author is van Rensburg, N. J. J., which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, SMILESS is O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S.

A 5 ml. solution of lanthionine in 0.1N HCl was added to 5 ml. 5% aqueous NaCN and the mixture treated with 1 ml. NCBr solution (prepared by adding 5% aqueous NaCN to a saturated solution of Br till the solution was just colorless). After 3 consecutive boilings for 30 secs. and cooling for 3 min., the thiol content estimation was interfered with by incomplete removal of NCBr. The reaction mixture was, therefore, boiled for 10 min., but the quantity of thiol formed was not consistent and reproducibility of the results was very poor. Paper chromatography of the products in sec-BuOH-HCOOH-H2O (75:15:10) system showed the presence of 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (I). In these experiments, HCl was converted to HCN, which was expelled on boiling and probably the high pH led to the formation of the acid.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Product Details of 1827-27-6. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, CAS is 1827-27-6, about Synthesis, biological evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of 1,2,4-triazole-5-substituted carboxylic acid bioisosteres as uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout. Author is Wu, Jing-wei; Yin, Ling; Liu, Yu-qiang; Zhang, Huan; Xie, Ya-fei; Wang, Run-ling; Zhao, Gui-long.

Bromonaphthylmethyltriazolyl thioether lesinurad analogs and bioisosteres such as I were prepared as inhibitors of uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) for potential use in treating hyperuricemia and gout. I inhibited URAT1 with an IC50 value of 32 nM, 225-fold lower than lesinurad. The pharmacophore for the lesinurad analogs was determined using a 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model; the hypothesis was validated by three methods (cost anal., Fisher’s randomization and leave-one-out).

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Validation Study, Talanta called LC-MS/MS method development and validation for quantitative analyses of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid – a new cyanide exposure marker in post mortem blood, Author is Giebultowicz, Joanna; Ruzycka, Monika; Fudalej, Marcin; Krajewski, Pawel; Wroczynski, Piotr, which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, SMILESS is O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S.

2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is a hydrogen cyanide metabolite that has been found to be a reliable biomarker of cyanide poisoning, because of its long-term stability in biol. material. There are several methods of ATCA determination; however, they are restricted to extraction on mixed mode cation exchange sorbents. To date, there has been no reliable method of ATCA determination in whole blood, the most frequently used material in forensic anal. This novel method for ATCA determination in post mortem specimen includes protein precipitation, and derivatization of interfering compounds and their later extraction with Et acetate. ATCA was quant. analyzed via HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry with pos. electrospray ionization detection using a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. column. The method satisfied all validation criteria and was tested on the real samples with satisfactory results. Therefore, this anal. approach has been proven to be a tool for measuring endogenous levels of ATCA in post mortem specimens. To conclude, a novel, accurate and sensitive method of ATCA determination in post mortem blood was developed. The establishment of the method provides new possibilities in the field of forensic science.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Ruzycka, Monika; Giebultowicz, Joanna; Fudalej, Marcin; Krajewski, Pawel; Wroczynski, Piotr published the article 《Application of 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic Acid as a Forensic Marker of Cyanide Exposure》. Keywords: forensic marker cyanide exposure aminothiazoline 4 carboxylate.They researched the compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2 ).Recommanded Product: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) here.

Cyanides are infamous for their highly poisonous properties. Accidental cyanide poisoning occurs frequently, but occasionally, intentional poisonings also occur. Inhalation of fumes generated by fire may also cause cyanide poisoning. There are many limitations in direct anal. of cyanide. 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA), a cyanide metabolite, seems to be the only surrogate that is being used in the detection of cyanide because of its stability and its cyanide-dependent quality in biol. matrix. Unfortunately, the toxicokinetic study on diverse animal models suggests significant interspecies differences; therefore, the attempt to extrapolate animal models to human model is unsuccessful. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of ATCA as a forensic marker of cyanide exposure. For this purpose, postmortem materials (blood and organs) from fire victims and cyanide-poisoned persons were collected. The distribution of ATCA in organs and its thermal stability were evaluated. The variability of cyanides in purified sample and in the context of their long-term and higher temperature stability was established. The presence of ATCA was detected by using LC-MS/MS method and that of cyanide was detected spectrofluorimetrically. This is the first report on the determination of ATCA distribution in tissues of fire victims and cyanide-poisoned persons. It was found that blood and heart had the highest ATCA concentrations ATCA was observed to be thermally stable even at 90°. Even though the cyanide concentration was not elevated in purified samples, it was unstable during long-term storage and at higher temperature, as expected. The relationship between ATCA and cyanides was also observed Higher ATCA concentrations were related to increased levels of cyanide in blood and organs (less prominent). ATCA seems to be a reliable forensic marker of exposure to LDs of cyanide.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine(SMILESS: NC1=CN=C(C=C1)F,cas:1827-27-6) is researched.Recommanded Product: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid. The article 《Three Arene-Ru(II) compounds of 2-halogen-5-aminopyridine: Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity》 in relation to this compound, is published in Applied Organometallic Chemistry. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:1827-27-6).

Three novel compounds, (η6-p-cymene)RuCl2(2-fluoro-5-aminopyridine) (compound 1), (η6-p-cymene)RuCl2(5-amino-2-chloropyridine) (compound 2) and (η6-p-cymene)RuCl2(2-bromo- 5-aminopyridine) (compound 3), were synthesized and characterized. The structures of compound 1 and 3 were determined by x-ray diffraction, showing a distorted piano-stool type of geometry with similar bond lengths and angles around the Ru. Compound 2 exhibited moderate in vitro activity against A549 and MCF-7 human cancer cells, the other two lower activities. The UV-visible and fluorescent absorption titrations showed that the three compounds bonded with CT-DNA in a minor groove. The intrinsic binding constants (Kb) were calculated to be 2.13(±0.03) × 105 M-1, 2.89(±0.03) × 105 M-1 and 2.45(±0.03) × 105 M-1 for compound 1, 2 and 3, resp., by using UV-visible absorption titrations data. Among the three compound, the highest value of intrinsic binding constant of compound 2 was consistent with its high cytotoxicity against A549 and MCF-7 human cancer cells in vitro.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2 ) is researched.COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S.Logue, Brian A.; Maserek, Wendy K.; Rockwood, Gary A.; Keebaugh, Michael W.; Baskin, Steven I. published the article 《The analysis of 2-amino-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid in the plasma of smokers and non-smokers》 about this compound( cas:2150-55-2 ) in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods. Keywords: forensic analysis ATCA plasma human smoker GC MS; cyanide poisoning biomarker ACTA plasma human smoker GC MS; gas chromatog mass spectrometry ACTA plasma human cyanide poisoning. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:2150-55-2).

ATCA (2-amino-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid) is a promising marker to assess cyanide exposure because of several advantages of ATCA anal. over direct determination of cyanide and alternative cyanide biomarkers (i.e. stability in biol. matrixes, consistent recovery, and relatively small endogenous concentrations). Concentrations of ATCA in the plasma of smoking and nonsmoking human volunteers were analyzed using gas chromatog. mass spectrometry to establish the feasibility of using ATCA as a marker for cyanide exposure. The levels of ATCA in plasma of smoking volunteers, 17.2 ng/mL, were found to be significantly (p < 0.001) higher than that of nonsmoking volunteers, 11.8 ng/mL. Comparison of ATCA concentrations of smokers relative to nonsmokers in both urine and plasma yielded relatively similar results. The concentration ratio of ATCA for smokers vs. nonsmokers in plasma and urine was compared to similar literature studies of cyanide and thiocyanate, and correlations are discussed. This study supports previous evidence that ATCA can be used to determine past cyanide exposure and indicates that further studies should be pursued to validate the use of ATCA as a marker of cyanide exposure. Although many compounds look similar to this compound(2150-55-2)COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Recommanded Product: 118994-89-1. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular carbonylative cross-coupling of heteroaryl C(sp2)-H bonds with amines: an efficient strategy for oxidative aminocarbonylation of azoles. Author is Xing, Qi; Lv, Hui; Xia, Chungu; Li, Fuwei.

An efficient palladium-catalyzed oxidative aminocarbonylation of azoles such as benzothiazole, 5-chloro benzoxazole, 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole, etc. has been developed. This system allows for intermol. carbonylative cross-coupling of aromatic C(sp2)-H bonds with simple amines RR1NH [R = H, CH2CH3, c-C6H11, etc.; R1 = C(H3)3, (CH2)2CH3, CH2C6H5, etc.; RR1 = -(CH2)2O(CH2)2-, -(CH2)5-], which has often been asked for, but has not been realized so far. It provides a straightforward approach to a variety of azol-2-amides RR1NC(O)R2 (R2 = 1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl, 5-chloro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl, dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl, etc.).

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Application In Synthesis of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative acylation of heteroarenes by sp2 C-H functionalization. Author is Yang, Ke; Zhang, Cheng; Wang, Peng; Zhang, Yan; Ge, Haibo.

Nickel-catalyzed ligand-free decarboxylative cross-coupling of azole derivatives with α-oxoglyoxylic acids was developed. This work represents the first example of decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions, in a C-H bond functionalization manner, through nickel catalysis, and tolerates various functional groups. Addnl., this approach provides an efficient access to (ox)azole ketones, an important structural motif in many medicinal compounds with a broad range of biol. activities. © 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Although many compounds look similar to this compound(118994-89-1)Application In Synthesis of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:O=C(C1=CN=CO1)OCC), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid(SMILESS: O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O,cas:2150-55-2) is researched.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate. The article 《N-carbamoyl-L-cysteine as an intermediate in the bioconversion from D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cysteine by Pseudomonas sp. ON-4a》 in relation to this compound, is published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:2150-55-2).

The authors investigated the conversion of D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic (D,L-ATC) to L-cysteine with Pseudomonas sp. ON-4a, an ATC-assimilating bacterium. Cysteine and N-carbamoylcysteine (NCC), but not S-carbamoylcysteine (SCC), were produced from D,L-ATC by a cell-free extract from the strain. These products were isolated from the reaction mixture and then identified as the L-form. Similar results were obtained with P. putida AJ3865 and unidentified strain TG-3, an ATC-assimilating bacteria. It became clear that L-NCC is an intermediate in the conversion of D,L-ATC to L-cysteine in these Pseudomonas strains. Furthermore, it was suggested that these bacteria have L-ATC hydrolase and L-NCC amidohydrolase.

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The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Organ-distribution of the metabolite 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid in a rat model following cyanide exposure, the main research direction is forensic biomarker cyanide liver plasma aminothiazoline carboxylic acid.Product Details of 2150-55-2.

The reaction of cyanide (CN-) with cystine to produce 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is one of the independent detoxification pathways of cyanide in biol. systems. In this report, in vivo production of ATCA and its distributions in plasma and organs were studied after a s.c. sublethal dose of 4 mg/kg body weight potassium cyanide (KCN) administration to rats. At this sublethal dose of KCN, ATCA concentration was not significantly increased in the plasma samples, however, it was found significantly increased in liver samples. These results suggested that ATCA might not be a good diagnostic biomarker in plasma for sublethal cyanide exposure; however, liver could serve as the right organ for the detection of ATCA in post-mortem examinations involving cyanide exposure in military, firefighting, industrial and forensic settings.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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