Tag: M.W=100-200

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Direct arylation of oxazoles at C2. a concise approach to consecutively linked oxazoles, published in 2008-07-03, which mentions a compound: 118994-89-1, Name is Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, Molecular C6H7NO3, Application In Synthesis of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate.

The synthesis of bis- and trisoxazoles via direct arylation is discussed. A variety of aryl groups can be installed at the 2-position of 5-aryl and 5-carboxy-substituted oxazoles under mild conditions using palladium catalysis on water. The direct arylation method can be extended to the synthesis of bis- and trisoxazoles if 2-triisopropylsilyl-4-iodooxazole is used as the electrophile in the arylation.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 118994-89-1, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, about Direct amidation of azoles with formamides via metal-free C-H activation in the presence of tert-butyl perbenzoate, the main research direction is direct amidation azole formamide reactant azolecarboxamide preparation; tertbutyl perbenzoate oxidant amidation azole formamide reactant; cross coupling azolecarboxamide preparation tertbutyl perbenzoate oxidant.Recommanded Product: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate.

A novel and simple method for the direct amidation of azoles with formamides has been developed. The reaction could occur smoothly in the presence of tert-Bu perbenzoate (TBPB) as an oxidant under metal- and base-free conditions. Direct dehydrogenative cross-coupling of formamides and azoles generated the corresponding products, e.g. I (X = S, R = Me2N, EtNH; X = O, R = 2-MeC6H4NH, Et2N), in good yields.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Reference of 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, CAS is 1827-27-6, about Sulfonamide Synthesis via Calcium Triflimide Activation of Sulfonyl Fluorides.

A method using calcium triflimide [Ca(NTf2)2] as a Lewis acid to activate sulfonyl fluorides toward nucleophilic addition with amines is described. The reaction converts a wide array of sterically and electronically diverse sulfonyl fluorides and amines into the corresponding sulfonamides in good yield.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Electric Literature of C5H5FN2. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, CAS is 1827-27-6, about Synthesis, biological evaluation and 3D-QSAR studies of 1,2,4-triazole-5-substituted carboxylic acid bioisosteres as uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout. Author is Wu, Jing-wei; Yin, Ling; Liu, Yu-qiang; Zhang, Huan; Xie, Ya-fei; Wang, Run-ling; Zhao, Gui-long.

Bromonaphthylmethyltriazolyl thioether lesinurad analogs and bioisosteres such as I were prepared as inhibitors of uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1) for potential use in treating hyperuricemia and gout. I inhibited URAT1 with an IC50 value of 32 nM, 225-fold lower than lesinurad. The pharmacophore for the lesinurad analogs was determined using a 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model; the hypothesis was validated by three methods (cost anal., Fisher’s randomization and leave-one-out).

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Pyridyl-urea catalysts for the solvent-free ring-opening polymerization of lactones and trimethylene carbonate, published in 2019-12-31, which mentions a compound: 1827-27-6, Name is 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine, Molecular C5H5FN2, Electric Literature of C5H5FN2.

The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones is an effective method for the preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, for which the development of efficient organocatalysts with high activity and good controllability is highly desirable. A series of novel pyridyl-urea catalysts was synthesized and applied in the solvent-free ROP of lactones and trimethylene carbonate. Combined with 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), the pyridyl-urea/MTBD systems showed a fast and living/controlled behavior in the ROP, generating polymers with narrow mol. weight distributions. The influences of catalyst structure, type of base, pyridyl-urea/base ratio, feed ratio of monomer/initiator and reaction temperature on the catalytic properties were investigated. A possible mechanism was proposed on the basis of NMR titration and dilution experiments

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Product Details of 1827-27-6. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, CAS is 1827-27-6, about 5-Azido-2-aminopyridine, a New Nitrene/Nitrenium Ion Photoaffinity Labeling Agent That Exhibits Reversible Intersystem Crossing between Singlet and Triplet Nitrenes. Author is Panov, Maxim S.; Voskresenska, Valentyna D.; Ryazantsev, Mikhail N.; Tarnovsky, Alexander N.; Wilson, R. Marshall.

The photochem. of a new photoaffinity labeling (PAL) agent, 5-azido-2-(N,N-diethylamino)-pyridine, was studied in aprotic and protic solvents using femtosecond-to-microsecond transient absorption and product anal., in conjunction with ab initio multiconfigurational and multireference quantum chem. calculations The excited singlet S1 state is spectroscopically dark, whereas photoexcitation to higher-lying singlet excited S2 and S3 states drives the photochem. reaction toward a barrierless ultrafast relaxation path via two conical intersections to S1, where N2 elimination leads to the formation of the closed-shell singlet nitrene. The singlet nitrene undergoes intersystem crossing (ISC) to the triplet nitrene in aprotic and protic solvents as well as protonation to form the nitrenium ion. The ISC rate constants in aprotic solvents increase with solvent polarity, displaying a “”direct”” gap effect, whereas an “”inverse”” gap effect is observed in protic solvents. Transient absorption actinometry experiments suggest that a solvent-dependent fraction from 20% to 50% of nitrenium ions is generated on a time scale of a few tens of picoseconds. The closed-shell singlet and triplet nitrene are separated by a small energy gap in protic solvents. As a result, the unreactive triplet state nitrene undergoes delayed, thermally activated reverse ISC to reform the reactive closed-shell singlet nitrene, which subsequently protonates, forming the remaining fraction of nitrenium ions. The product studies demonstrate that the resulting nitrenium ion stabilized by the electron-donating 4-amino group yields the final cross-linked product with high, almost quant. efficiency. The enhanced PAL function of this new azide with respect to the widely applied 4-amino-3-nitrophenyl azide is discussed.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Identification of bioconversion product from DL-ATC and optimization of reaction conditions in Pseudomonas sp. F12, the main research direction is Pseudomonas cysteine desulfhydrase bioconversion hydrogen sulfide.Product Details of 2150-55-2.

The objective if this work was to identify the bioconversion product from DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) and enhance L-cysteine yield from it. Reaction mixture was analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS; comparison among different reaction conditions of L-cysteine decomposition was performed. Contrast to standard L-cysteine, the results of HPLC and LC-MS indicated that it was L-cysteine; a small amount of hydrogen sulfide produced from degradation of L-cysteine inhibited L-cysteine desulfhydrase dramaticly in air-free condition which contributed the highest amount of L-cysteine arrived 46.2 mmol/L with a yield of 94%, in contrast to that of 31.6% under initial condition. Pseudomonas sp. F12 equipped with the ability of converting DL-ATC to L-cysteine; it was beneficial for L-cysteine accumulation in air-free condition.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 3-Chloropicolinamide( cas:114080-95-4 ) is researched.Computed Properties of C6H5ClN2O.Dunn, A. D. published the article 《The addition of hydroxylamine to derivatives of halopyridine carboxylic acids》 about this compound( cas:114080-95-4 ) in Zeitschrift fuer Chemie. Keywords: halopyridinecarboxylate hydroxylamine addition; pyridinecarboxylate halo hydroxylamine addition; halopyridinenitrile hydroxylamine cyclization; isoxazolopyridine. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:114080-95-4).

Cyanopyridines I (R = Cl, R1 = cyano, R2 = H; R = cyano, R1 = Cl, R2 = H; R = H, R1 = cyano, R2 = Cl) reacted with a MeOH solution of NH2OH and MeONa to give isoxazolopyridines. Thus, I (R = Cl, R1 = cyano, R2 = H) gave isoxazolopyridine II. However, I (R = H, R1 = Cl, R2 = cyano) reacted with the same reagent to give I (R, R1, same, R2 = CONH2), and I (R = H, R1 = Br, R2 = cyano) gave I [R, R1, same, R2 = C(:NOH)NH2]. No bicyclic products were formed . Esters I (R = Cl, R1 = CO2Me, R2 = H) reacted with the same reagent to give the hydroxamic acids I (R, R2, same, R1 = CONHOH). Similarly esters I (R = CO2Me, R1 = Br, R2 = H; R= H, R1 = Br, R2 = CO2Me) also gave the corresponding hydroxamic acids.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Simultaneous oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine from L-cysteine with enzyme reactions from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid, the main research direction is oxidative reaction crystallization cystine enzyme oxygen.Application In Synthesis of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

A novel system for oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine (CySSCy) from L-cysteine (CySH) obtained by simultaneous enzyme reaction was studied. L-cysteine was produced from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid (ATC) by enzymes in the same cell grown beforehand. Generally, the processes involving oxidation after enzyme reactions are time consuming and yield small size CySSCy crystals. In the present investigation oxygen was fed simultaneously along with the enzyme reaction in such a way that it was matched both with the production and oxidation rates of CySH yielding CySSCy at an optimum rate, thus minimizing the level of dissolved oxygen which suppresses the activities of the oxygen-sensitive enzymes. As a result, the overall reaction time was reduced and large size CySSCy crystals were obtained, while improving the enzyme reaction yield.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Computed Properties of C4H6N2O2S. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Genes from Pseudomonas sp. strain BS involved in the conversion of L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazolin-4-carbonic acid to L-cysteine. Author is Shiba, Toshikazu; Takeda, Kohji; Yajima, Misako; Tadano, Makoto.

DL-2-Amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carbonic acid (DL-ATC) is a substrate for cysteine synthesis in some bacteria, and this bioconversion has been utilized for cysteine production in industry. We cloned a DNA fragment containing the genes involved in the conversion of L-ATC to L-cysteine from Pseudomonas sp. strain BS. The introduction of this DNA fragment into Escherichia coli cells enabled them to convert L-ATC to cysteine via N-carbamoyl-L-cysteine (L-NCC) as an intermediate. The smallest recombinant plasmid, designated pTK10, contained a 2.6-kb insert DNA fragment that has L-cysteine synthetic activity. The nucleotide sequence of the insert DNA revealed that two open reading frames (ORFs) encoding proteins with mol. masses of 19.5 and 44.7 kDa were involved in the L-cysteine synthesis from DL-ATC. These ORFs were designated atcB and atcC, resp., and their gene products were identified by overproduction of proteins encoded in each ORF and by the maxicell method. The functions of these gene products were examined using extracts of E. coli cells carrying deletion derivatives of pTK10. The results indicate that atcB and atcC are involved in the conversion of L-ATC to L-NCC and the conversion of L-NCC to cysteine, resp. AtcB was first identified as a gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes thiazoline ring opening. AtcC is highly homologous with L-N-carbamoylases. Since both enzymes can only catalyze the L-specific conversion from L-ATC to L-NCC or L-NCC to L-cysteine, it is thought that atcB and atcC encode L-ATC hydrolase and N-carbamoyl-L-cysteine amidohydrolase, resp.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem