Tag: M.W=100-200

Application of 89-01-0, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 89-01-0, Name is Pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, SMILES is O=C(C1=NC=CN=C1C(O)=O)O, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Patel, Asharani, introduce new discover of the category.

Antifungal and defense elicitor activities of pyrazines identified in endophyticPseudomonas putidaBP25 against fungal blast incited byMagnaporthe oryzaein rice

Black pepper-associated endophyticPseudomonas putidaBP25 displayed volatile-mediated antagonism against rice blast fungusMagnaporthe oryzae1637. The major chemical fraction identified in the volatiles ofPseudomonas putidaBP25 was 2-methylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine; both of them inhibited all developmental stages such as conidial germination, mycelial growth, and sporulation ofM. oryzae. To validate the antifungal activity of 2-methylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine on blast disease,in plantaexperiments were conducted on rice seeds and seedlings. Blast disease incidence and disease severity on volatile-treated seedlings were significantly reduced as compared to mock. Seedlings that emerged from volatile-exposed seeds were analyzed for expression of candidate defense gene,OsPAD4,OsEDS1,OsPDF2.2,OsPR3, andOsPR1.1 by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Seedlings exposed to volatiles showed significant induction of theOsPAD4 gene with both 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methylpyrazine. Direct antifungal activity of pyrazine coupled with its defense elicitation capability can be harnessed for rice seed disinfection to ensure healthy, vigorous, and disease-free transplants.

Application of 89-01-0, Consequently, the presence of a catalyst will permit a system to reach equilibrium more quickly, but it has no effect on the position of the equilibrium as reflected in the value of its equilibrium constant.I hope my blog about 89-01-0 is helpful to your research.

In an article, author is Chylewska, Agnieszka, once mentioned the application of 19847-12-2, Recommanded Product: Pyrazinecarbonitrile, Name is Pyrazinecarbonitrile, molecular formula is C5H3N3, molecular weight is 105.1, MDL number is MFCD00049361, category is Pyrazines. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.

Photosensitive and pH-dependent activity of pyrazine-functionalized carbazole derivative as promising antifungal and imaging agent

Carbazole skeleton plays a significant role as a structural scaffold of many pharmacologically active compounds. Pyrazine-functionalized carbazole derivative was constructed by coupling 2-amino-5-bromo-3-methylaminepyrazine (ABMAP) into 3 and 6 positions of the carbazole ring. Multi-experimental methods were used, e.g., potentiometric, spectroscopic (ATR, UV, XRD powder,H-1 and(13)C NMR), electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry), and optical techniques, to receive the complete structural analysis, physicochemical (pKa, logP) and biological profile of a new carbazole derivative with acronym 3,6-PIRAMICAR. The interaction ability of the compound studied with potential cellular targets like Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA), or Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) were also taken into account. Experiments showed the existence of strong binding, but no DNA or BSA cleavage was observed. The comparative analyzes of compounds anti-Candida action clearly show pH-dependent antifungal activity of 3,6-PIRAMICAR, which was strongly stimulated in the acidic media. Surprisingly, the titled compound turn out to be much more effective (14 times by MIC50; 8 times by MIC; c.a. 4 times by MFC) against Candida krusei than fluconazole at pH 4.

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A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 14508-49-7, Name is 2-Chloropyrazine, molecular formula is C4H3ClN2. In an article, author is Mortzfeld, Frederik B.,once mentioned of 14508-49-7, Product Details of 14508-49-7.

Pyrazines: Synthesis and Industrial Application of these Valuable Flavor and Fragrance Compounds

Alkyl pyrazines-other than being extracted from various natural sources such as coffee beans, cocoa beans, and vegetables-can be synthesized by chemical methods or by certain microorganisms. The importance of pyrazines for the food industry is expected to grow in the upcoming years due to the higher demand for convenience products. The roasty, nutty, and earthy smell is reminiscent of coffee and cocoa, depending on substitution and concentration of pyrazines. The growing awareness of people about the ingredients and the origin of their daily food has strongly influenced the market with labels like organic and natural. Many flavor ingredients prepared by biotechnological methods have conquered the market recently and are destined to replace the ineffective (0.01% pyrazine kg(-1)biomass) extraction from plants or animal sources. This review focuses on the achievements and challenges in pyrazine synthesis. The major part deals with an overview of methods such as the extraction of natural products, the chemical and biocatalytic synthesis, and fermentation by microorganisms. The different types of production are decisive for the declaration and value of the final product and span from 200-3500 US$ kg(-1)for the synthetically produced or the naturally extracted 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, respectively.

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Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 123-32-0, Name is 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, molecular formula is C6H8N2. In an article, author is Karmakar, Ananta,once mentioned of 123-32-0, SDS of cas: 123-32-0.

Facile Access to 1,4-Disubstituted Pyrrolo[1,2-a ]pyrazines from alpha-Aminoacetonitriles

An efficient and practical synthetic protocol for the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted pyrrolo[1,2- a ]pyrazine derivatives is described that originates from alpha-substituted pyrroloacetonitriles which, in turn, are readily available from aryl and alkyl aldehydes. The alpha-pyrroloacetonitriles were subjected to a Friedel-Crafts acylation with methyl chlorooxoacetate followed by reduction of the nitrile group under Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation conditions and finally aromatization with DDQ leading to the desired pyrrolo[1,2- a ]pyrazine derivatives. This method was generalized and successfully applied to various aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl substrates. The developed protocol provides direct and convenient access to 1,4-disubstituted ring systems in moderate to good overall yields (51-68%) without the need for purification of the intermediates. Further functionalization via the stepwise halogenation (bromination, iodination) and nitration was also demonstrated. In addition, the potential of the ester functionality for elaboration was demonstrated by manipulating into heterocyclic ring systems, exemplified by conversion into benzoxazole derivatives.

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Electric Literature of 19847-12-2, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 19847-12-2, Name is Pyrazinecarbonitrile, SMILES is N#CC1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Gawad, Jineetkumar, introduce new discover of the category.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)quinazoline-2-carboxamide derivatives as a potential DprE1 inhibitors

In a search of new potentially active antitubercular agents, here we have initiated with pharmacophore development, virtual screening and molecular docking studies to know flexible binding modes with target cavity of DprE1 enzyme. We have designed and synthesized 6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)quinazoline-2-carboxamide derivatives and evaluated for antitubercular activity with specific DprE1 inhibition. The various steps have been completed by performing conden-sation of 6-(trifluoromethyl)quinazoline-2-carboxylic acid, aromatic aldehydes, methanol, Hydrazine hydrate,-(trifluoromethyl)quinazoline-2-carbohydrazide, 6-(trifluoromethyl)-N’-methylenequinazoline-2-carbohydrazide to obtained 6-(trifluoromethyl)-N-(4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)quinazoline-2-carboxamide derivatives (3a-r) in better yields. Synthesized derivatives were characterized for their spectral anal-ysis. These compounds have been screened for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacte-rium tuberculosis H 37 RV. The compounds 3a (MIC-1.27 m M); 3e (MIC-1.12 m M); 3p (MIC-1.18 m M); and 3r (MIC-0.96 m M); exhibited notable in vitro antitubercular activity compare to the reference standard, Isoniazid. These four compounds were screened for DprE1 enzyme assay. Among those 3e and 3r has shown strong DprE1 inhibition, these compounds were substituted with nitro and hydroxyl group. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Electric Literature of 19847-12-2, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 19847-12-2.

Reference of 33332-25-1, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 33332-25-1, Name is Methyl 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate, SMILES is ClC1=CN=C(C=N1)C(=O)OC, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Benecke, Jannik, introduce new discover of the category.

A Flexible and Porous Ferrocene-Based Gallium MOF with MIL-53 Architecture

A new gallium based metal-organic framework, denoted as Ga-MIL-53-FcDC, with the chemical formula [Ga(OH)(FeC12H8O4)] was synthesized using the ferrocene containing linker molecule 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (H(2)FcDC, FeC12H10O4). The porous nature of the compound could be confirmed by nitrogen sorption and a specific surface area of 270 m(2)/g was determined. The persistence of the ferrocene complex inside the structure was confirmed by Mossbauer-, EPR and UV/VIS-spectroscopy. Ga-MIL-53-FcDC shows structural flexibility depending on which guest molecule is located in the pores of the compound. The mechanism of structural flexibility was analyzed by means of powder X-ray diffraction adsorbing pyrazine or iodine. The flexibility of the crystal structure can be attributed to the torsion of the GaO6 octahedra in the IBU respective to each other and the torsion of the carboxylate groups of FcDC(2-) relative to the aromatic ring.

Reference of 33332-25-1, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 33332-25-1 is helpful to your research.

Reference of 19847-12-2, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 19847-12-2, Name is Pyrazinecarbonitrile, SMILES is N#CC1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Zhou, Jiadi, introduce new discover of the category.

delta-Regioselective heteroarylation of free alcohols through 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer

An efficient silver-catalyzed d-regioselective C(sp(3))-H heteroarylation of free alcohols has been developed. Various alcohols reacted with quinolines, isoquinoline, pyridines, pyrimidine, phthalazine, 4-hydroxyquinazoline, acridine, quinoxaline and pyrazine to give the corresponding C(sp(2))-H alkylation products in 31-89% yields. Notably, all types (1 degrees, 2 degrees, and 3 degrees) of d-C(sp(3))-H bonds in the alcohols could be regioselectively activated. This protocol provides a platform to access divergent functionalizations of alcohols and heteroaryls by forming the challenging d-selective C(sp(3))-C(sp(2)) bond.

Reference of 19847-12-2, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 19847-12-2.

In an article, author is Ojha, Minita, once mentioned the application of 14508-49-7, Name is 2-Chloropyrazine, molecular formula is C4H3ClN2, molecular weight is 114.53, MDL number is MFCD00006124, category is Pyrazines. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Name: 2-Chloropyrazine.

Generation and trapping of non-aromatic cycloimines via diazotization/dediazotization of N-amino cyclic amines: theoretical and experimental results

A theoretical investigation of the model diazotization/dediazotization of N-aminopiperidine and N-aminomorpholine at the DFT (B3LYP/6-31+G(d)) level indicated that the corresponding cycloimines can be generated transiently, which can be trapped with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) to form a 1,4-dipole followed by cycloaddition of the latter with a second molecule of DMAD to give the corresponding pyrido-annelated products. All steps have low activation free energy barriers and are thermodynamically favoured. Based on the theoretical results, we carried out successfully diazotization of N-amino cyclic amines, namely N-aminopiperidine, 4-aminomorpholine and 1-amino-4-methylpiperazine withtert.-butyl nitrite followed by dediazotization to generate transiently the corresponding cycloimines, which could be trapped with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. to afford new annelated pyridine derivatives, namely tetramethyl9H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolizine-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate, tetramethyl 5,6,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate and tetramethyl9H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-7-methylpyrido[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate which were duly characterized.

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Reference of 20737-42-2, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 20737-42-2, Name is 3-Oxo-3,4-dihydropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, SMILES is O=C(C1=NC=CNC1=O)O, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Xu, Zhen, introduce new discover of the category.

Color tuning for black-to-transmissive conjugated copolymer with excellent electrochromic properties via electrochemical copolymerization of two donor-acceptor type monomers

Copolymerization towards producing broadly absorbing black neutrality for flexible electrochromics was investigated. Neutral-state saturated green and dark blue donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) polymers consisting of electron-acceptor thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine and benzo[1,2,3]triazole based units respectively, were chosen as distributed segments, simultaneous with their tendency to switch to transmissive oxidation states. Variation of the feed ratio of two precursors in a mixture solution was used to regulate the energy and spectral absorption range of electrochemical copolymerization films. Co-polymer PEM-11 in 1:1 monomer feed ratio demonstrated a full range of visible absorption, and switched between an improved saturated black neutral state (L* = 43.68, a* = 4.98, b* = -13.13) and a light gray transmissive oxidation state (L* = 67.30, a* = -1.36, b* = 1.67) reversibly, where L* represents white to black balance, a* red to green and b* yellow to blue, with the optical contrast of 35% at 590 nm and switching speed as low as 0.6 s. Furthermore, the PEM-11 film exhibited stable n-doping, favorable cycle stability, and a lower electrochemical/optical band-gap (0.80 eV/1.21 eV) in comparison with the reported individual neutral black ECPs. The results suggested that the as-obtained copolymer could be a promising candidate for electrochromic windows, e-papers, or eyewear applications. (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Reference of 20737-42-2, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 20737-42-2 is helpful to your research.

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 33332-25-1, Name is Methyl 5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate, SMILES is ClC1=CN=C(C=N1)C(=O)OC, in an article , author is Sorkhi, Seyyed Erfan Sadati, once mentioned of 33332-25-1, Computed Properties of C6H5ClN2O2.

Introduction of a novel dicationic Bronsted acidic ionic liquid based on pyrazine and its application in the synthesis of xanthenediones and 3, 4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions

A novel dicationic Bronsted acidic ionic liquid based on pyrazine has been prepared and characterized by FTIR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, MS, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal gravimetric analysis and also Hammett acidity function. The prepared dicationic ionic liquid is found to be an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of xanthenediones and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions. The merits of the developed procedure include novelty in terms of the ionic liquid, easy preparation of the ionic liquid, easy workup, reusability of the catalyst, high yield, short reaction time and absence of toxic organic solvent.

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