Tag: M.W=100-200

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Aromatic fluorine compounds. X. The 2,3- and 2,6-difluoropyridines》. Authors are Finger, G. C.; Starr, Laurence D.; Roe, Arthur; Link, William J..The article about the compound:5-Amino-2-fluoropyridinecas:1827-27-6,SMILESS:NC1=CN=C(C=C1)F).Application of 1827-27-6. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:1827-27-6) is conveyed.

cf. CA 54, 6713i. The preparation of difluoropyridines by the Schiemann reaction was investigated. 2-Amino-6-fluoropyridine, necessary for the synthesis of 2,6-difluoropyridine by the Schiemann reaction, was conveniently prepared by the Curtius degradation of 6-fluoropicolinic hydrazide and by the Hofmann reaction on 6-fluoropicolinamide. Since an α-fluorine on a pyridine nucleus is preferentially replaced by hydrazine when it is either adjacent to or opposite a carbomethoxy group, the hydrazides necessary for the synthesis of 3-amino-2- and 6-fluoropyridine could not be prepared These amines were prepared from the appropriate 2-fluoropyridinecarboxamide by the Hofmann reaction. The preparation of difluoropyridines was successful with two of the aminofluoropyridines and led to the following new compounds: 2,3-difluoro- and 2,6-difluoropyridine.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Synthesis and evaluation of anthelmintic and cytotoxic properties of [2,5′]bis-1,3-azole analogs of bengazoles, published in 2009-09-30, which mentions a compound: 118994-89-1, Name is Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, Molecular C6H7NO3, Synthetic Route of C6H7NO3.

Using different heterocycle formation methodologies (Deoxo-Fluor, DAST, POCl3, TosMIC), [2,5′]bis-1,3-azoles were prepared as stable analogs of bengazoles, a family of potent anthelmintic marine natural products. The cytotoxic activity of these heterocycles and their precursors on HCT-15 cells and the effect on the L4 larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were evaluated.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Progress on enzymatic synthesis of L-cysteine from DL-ATC by Pseudomonas sp., published in 2009-03-31, which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, Name is 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, Recommanded Product: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

A review. The microbial transformation method for L-cysteine production shows evident advantages, because of its short cycle time, low cost, high region and stereoselectivity, easy control of reaction condition, and environment-friendly. Recently, studies on the bioconversion of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) to L-cysteine by intracellular enzymes were reported. The research progresses on L-cysteine production by microbial bioconversion, especially Pseudomonas sp., or its crude enzyme extract are summarized. The applications of immobilization technol. in the biotransformation of DL-ATC to L-cysteine are introduced. The genetically engineered bacteria and the study progresses of L-cysteine desulfhydrase were also discussed.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 2150-55-2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Preparation of eutectic substrate mixtures for enzymatic conversion of ATC to L-cysteine at high concentration levels. Author is Youn, Sung Hun; Park, Hae Woong; Choe, Deokyeong; Shin, Chul Soo.

High concentration eutectic substrate solutions for the enzymic production of L-cysteine were prepared Eutectic melting of binary mixtures consisting of D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATC) as a substrate and malonic acid occurred at 39 °C with an ATC mole fraction of 0.5. Formation of eutectic mixtures was confirmed using SEM, SEM-EDS, and XPS surface analyses. Sorbitol, MnSO4, and NaOH were used as supplements for the enzymic reactions. Strategies for sequential addition of five compounds, including a binary ATC mixture and supplements, during preparation of eutectic substrate solutions were established. Eutectic substrate solutions were stable for 24 h. After 6 h of enzymic reactions, a 550 mM L-cysteine yield was obtained from a 670 mM eutectic ATC solution

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Category: pyrazines. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Optimization of bioconversion conditions for manufacturing L-cysteine from DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid with immobilized cells based on response surface analysis. Author is Wang, Pu; Wang, Hao; Zhang, Shi-jie; Zhang, Xiao-jun.

The conversion conditions for manufacturing L-cysteine using immobilized cells were optimized by using SAS software combined with the methods of Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodol. The cells were immobilized by calcium alginate embedding method. The optimum levels of three important factors were determined as follows: the volume of immobilized cell was 25.5 mL, the concentration of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) was 1.0 mass%, and the proliferation time of immobilized cells was 12.9 h. Experiments showed that the average enzyme activity could reach 934 U/mL at optimized conditions for five batches, with an increase of 38.9% compared with that before the optimization. After the immobilized cells were utilized for 4 times, the conversion rate could be still over 91.0% of the initial value.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Computed Properties of C6H7NO3. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Cobalt-Catalyzed Decarboxylative 2-Benzoylation of Oxazoles and Thiazoles with α-Oxocarboxylic Acids. Author is Yang, Ke; Chen, Xinyong; Wang, Yuqi; Li, Wanqing; Kadi, Adnan A.; Fun, Hoong-Kun; Sun, Hao; Zhang, Yan; Li, Guigen; Lu, Hongjian.

Cobalt-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of oxazoles and thiazoles with α-oxocarboxylic acids was developed through an sp2 C-H bond functionalization process. This work represents the first example of cobalt-catalyzed decarboxylative C-H bond functionalization and provides an efficient means of building some important bioactive heteroaryl ketone derivatives

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology called Analysis of the reaction steps in the bioconversion of D,L-ATC to L-cysteine, Author is Ryu, Ok Hee; Shin, Chul Soo, which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, SMILESS is O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, Electric Literature of C4H6N2O2S.

The reaction steps involved in the bioconversion of a chem. synthesized precursor, D,L-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (D,L-ATC), to L-cysteine and the properties of the involved enzymes were investigated. It was found that the conversion consisted of two steps, i.e., D,L-ATC to S-carbamyl-L-cysteine (S-C-L-cysteine) and S-C-L-cysteine to L-cysteine, and the S-C-L-cysteine was an intermediate between them. While the enzymes involved in the reactions were induced by the addition of D,L-ATC as an inducer, S-C-L-cysteine induced only the enzyme involved in the latter step. The conversion of S-C-L-cysteine to L-cysteine could be also carried out in the presence of hydroxylamine and its rate was much faster than that by the corresponding enzyme. On the other hand, L-cysteine (or L-cystine) was decomposed to evolve H2S by the enzyme considered to be a kind of desulfhydrase. However, hydroxylamine was a perfect inhibitor for this enzyme.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Safety of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Decarboxylative C-H Cross-Coupling of Azoles. Author is Zhang, Fengzhi; Greaney, Michael F..

An intermol. decarboxylative C-H cross-coupling between oxazoles and thiazoles with the rapid synthesis of functionalized polyazoles is described. E.g., in presence of Pd(OAc)2, copper carbonate, and 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane, decarboxylative C-H cross-coupling of thiazolecarboxylic acid I and oxazole II gave 80% bis(azole) III.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 118994-89-1, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, about A general route to the Streptomyces-derived inthomycin family: the first synthesis of (+)-inthomycin B, the main research direction is asym synthesis inthomycin B Stille coupling palladium catalyst; Stille coupling stannyl diene oxazole vinyl iodide; Kiyooka ketene acetal amino acid derived oxazaborolidinone directed aldol.Quality Control of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate.

A concise, convergent and stereocontrolled synthesis of (+)-inthomycin B (I), based on the Stille coupling of a stannyl-diene with an oxazole vinyl iodide unit, is described. The asym. center was introduced using the Kiyooka ketene acetal/amino acid-derived oxazaborolidinone procedure.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Detoxication of cyanide by cystine》. Authors are Wood, John L.; Cooley, Shirley Lucille.The article about the compound:2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acidcas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O).Category: pyrazines. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) is conveyed.

cf. C.A. 46, 5633a. Chem. studies on the nature of the reaction product between cystine and cyanide support formulation of the structure as 2-imino-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid (I). I was inert metabolically when fed to the rat or injected. I with acid yielded a small amount of thiocyanate. I was isolated from the urine of rats given NaCN subcutaneously; 80% of the cyanide was accounted for as thiocyanate. When L-cystine-S35 was administered 1st, the compounds excreted were labeled. Radioactivity measurements showed that I came from cystine, while the thiocyanate was formed from other sources of S. The reaction with cystine constitutes an independent pathway for detoxification of cyanide. The method of Schöberl and Hamm (C.A. 43, 1014f) yielded 66% I, m. 212°, [α]D29 -2.18° (c 1, water). I with Raney Ni yielded alanine. I with Ac2O in alk. aqueous solution yielded the 3-Ac compound (II), m. 179-80°, [α]D29 -1.52° (c 1, water). I (5 g.) in EtOH saturated with dry HCl and allowed to stand 24 hrs. yielded 5 g. Et ester-HCl, m. 115-16°. The Et ester of II, m. 136°.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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