Tag: M.W=0-100

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Molecules called Energetic and Geometric Characteristics of the Substituents: Part 2: The Case of NO2, Cl, and NH2 Groups in Their Mono-Substituted Derivatives of Simple Nitrogen Heterocycles, Author is Wieczorkiewicz, Pawel A.; Szatylowicz, Halina; Krygowski, Tadeusz M., which mentions a compound: 591-54-8, SMILESS is C1=CN=CN=C1N, Molecular C4H5N3, Safety of 4-Aminopyrimidine.

Variously substituted N-heterocyclic compounds are widespread across bio- and medicinal chem. The work aims to computationally evaluate the influence of the type of N-heterocyclic compound and the substitution position on the properties of three model substituents: NO2, Cl, and NH2. For this reason, the energetic descriptor of global substituent effect (Erel), geometry of substituents, and electronic descriptors (cSAR, pEDA, sEDA) are considered, and interdependences between these characteristics are discussed. Furthermore, the existence of an endocyclic N atom may induce proximity effects specific for a given substituent. Therefore, various quantum chem. methods are used to assess them: the quantum theory of atoms in mols. (QTAIM), anal. of non-covalent interactions using reduced d. gradient (RDG) function, and electrostatic potential maps (ESP). The study shows that the energetic effect associated with the substitution is highly dependent on the number and position of N atoms in the heterocyclic ring. Moreover, this effect due to interaction with more than one endo N atom (e.g., in pyrimidines) can be assessed with reasonable accuracy by adding the effects calculated for interactions with one endo N atom in substituted pyridines. Finally, all possible cases of proximity interactions for the NO2, Cl, and NH2 groups are thoroughly discussed.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Meyer, Claudio F.; Hell, Sandrine M.; Misale, Antonio; Trabanco, Andres A.; Gouverneur, Veronique researched the compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine( cas:591-54-8 ).Computed Properties of C4H5N3.They published the article 《Hydrodifluoromethylation of Alkenes with Difluoroacetic Acid》 about this compound( cas:591-54-8 ) in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. Keywords: alkene difluoroacetic acid regioselective phenyliodine diacetate hydrodifluoromethylation light; hydrodifluoromethylated alkane preparation; difluoroacetic acid; hydrodifluoromethylation; hypervalent iodine compounds; photochemistry; radicals. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:591-54-8).

A facile method for the regioselective hydrodifluoromethylation of alkenes is reported using difluoroacetic acid and phenyliodine(III) diacetate in THF under visible-light activation. This metal-free approach stands out as it uses inexpensive reagents, does not require a photocatalyst, and displays broad functional group tolerance. The procedure is also operationally simple and scalable, and provides access in one step to high-value building blocks for application in medicinal chem.

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In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Effects of demineralization on the composition of microalgae pyrolysis volatiles in py-GC-MS, published in 2022-01-01, which mentions a compound: 591-54-8, Name is 4-Aminopyrimidine, Molecular C4H5N3, Related Products of 591-54-8.

This study compared the volatiles distribution in anal. scale pyrolysis (py-GC-MS) of Nannochloropsis gaditana (marine microalgae) and Scenedesmus almeriensis (freshwater microalgae) and their demineralized counterparts. The role of inorganic elements and their removal via ultrasonic treatment, water washing and (in)organic acid leaching were elucidated. Principal component anal. (PCA) and gray relational anal. were applied to analyze the pyrolysis volatiles distribution and demonstrate the influence of inorganic elements in pyrolysis, resp. Demineralization affects (breaks down) the chem. structure of carbohydrates, followed by (to a lesser extent) proteins and lipids. Acid leaching promoted hydrolysis and suppressed the catalytic effect associated to inorganic elements in subsequent pyrolysis, compared to ultrasonic treatment and water washing. Elements like K and Na had a larger catalytic influence on microalgae pyrolysis than Ca and Mg. The composition and pyrolytic formation mechanism of major product groups at 500°C were studied, including anhydrosugars, phenolics, furans, carboxylic acids, alcs., aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, N-heterocyclic compounds, nitriles and amides. The results indicate that demineralization shows pos. effects on fast pyrolysis of microalgae: (1) by disrupting the cell wall and releasing the lipids and cellular contents. Based on the py-GC-MS peak area normalized to sample mass, the relative contribution of hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis vapors increased from 25.5% (NG: Nannochloropsis gaditana) to 32.1% (NG-HCl: Nannochloropsis gaditana, HCl treated), and from 16.1% (SA: Scenedesmus almeriensis) to 22.4% (SA-HCl: Scenedesmus almeriensis, HCl treated); (2) by decreasing the relative yields in O-containing compounds resulting from the suppressed catalytic effects of alkali and alk. earth metals (53.3% (NG) to 37.1% (NG-HCl), 57.5% (SA) to 47.8% (SA-HCl)) that would otherwise have been present in non-demineralized microalgae feedstock. The effects of demineralization on the denitrogenation of pyrolysis vapors were not that obvious. Suggestions for potential full scale applications have been proposed.

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So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Wu, Peng; Bjoern-Yoshimoto, Walden E.; Staudt, Markus; Jensen, Anders A.; Bunch, Lennart researched the compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine( cas:591-54-8 ).Synthetic Route of C4H5N3.They published the article 《Identification and Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-amines as First Selective Inhibitors of Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter Subtype 3 (EAAT3)》 about this compound( cas:591-54-8 ) in ACS Chemical Neuroscience. Keywords: imidazopyridineamine preparation inhibitor excitatory amino acid transporter subtype EAAT3; EAAT3; EAAT3 inhibitors; Glutamate; excitatory amino acid transporter. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:591-54-8).

Screening of a library of 49,087 compounds at the excitatory amino acid transporter subtype 3 (EAAT3) led to the identification of 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine which showed a >20-fold preference for inhibition of EAAT3 (IC50 = 13 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (EAAT1: IC50 ∼ 250 μM; EAAT2,4: IC50 > 250 μM). A small lipophilic substituent (Me or bromine) at the 7- and/or 8-position was essential for activity. Furthermore, the substitution pattern of the o-tolyl group (compound I) and the chem. nature of the substituent in the 2-position of tert-Bu 3-(8-bromo-7-methyl-3-(o-tolylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate are essential for the selectivity toward EAAT3 over EAAT1,2. The most prominent analogs to come out of this study are 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine and 8-Bromo-2-(furan-2-yl)-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine that display ∼35-fold selectivity for EAAT3 (IC50 = 7.2 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (IC50 ∼ 250 μM).

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Probing the effects of pyrimidine functional group switches on acyclic fleximer analogues for antiviral activity, published in 2019, which mentions a compound: 591-54-8, Name is 4-Aminopyrimidine, Molecular C4H5N3, Safety of 4-Aminopyrimidine.

Due to their ability to inhibit viral DNA or RNA replication, nucleoside analogs have been used for decades as potent antiviral therapeutics. However, one of the major limitations of nucleoside analogs is the development of antiviral resistance. In that regard, flexible nucleoside analogs known as “”fleximers”” have garnered attention over the years due to their ability to survey different amino acids in enzyme binding sites, thus overcoming the potential development of antiviral resistance. Acyclic fleximers have previously demonstrated antiviral activity against numerous viruses including Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebola virus (EBOV), and, most recently, flaviviruses such as Dengue (DENV) and Yellow Fever Virus (YFV). Due to these interesting results, a Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) study was pursued in order to analyze the effect of the pyrimidine functional group and acyl protecting group on antiviral activity, cytotoxicity, and conformation. The results of those studies are presented herein.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 591-54-8, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, about Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel Actinonin derivatives as HsPDF inhibitors, the main research direction is peptidomimetic actinonin peptide synthesis antitumor structure activity HsPDF inhibitor; acyl chloride coupling chiral auxiliary alkylation bromoacetate oxidative hydrolysis; aromatic amine coupling proline nucleophilic addition nitrile hydroxylamine cyclization; amide amine peptide coupling hydrolysis Suzuki coupling mol docking; drug design target mechanism action.Formula: C4H5N3.

Human mitochondrial peptide deformylase (HsPDF) is responsible for removing the formyl group from N-terminal formylmethionines of newly synthesized mitochondrial proteins and plays important roles in maintaining mitochondria function. It is overexpressed in various cancers and has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target. Actinonin, a naturally occurring peptidomimetic HsPDF inhibitor, was reported to inhibit the proliferation of a broad spectrum of human cancer cells in vitro. However, its efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile requires significant improvement for therapeutic purposes. To obtain HsPDF inhibitors as anticancer therapeutics, we screened an inhouse collection of actinonin derivatives and found two initial hits with antiproliferation activity. Further optimization along the peptidomimetic backbone lead to two series of compounds containing substituted Ph moieties. They are potent HsPDF inhibitors and exhibited greatly improved antiproliferation activity in selected cancer cell lines. Finally, compound (I) significantly inhibited the growth of human colon cancer in xenograft animal models.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Quality Control of 4-Aminopyrimidine. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, CAS is 591-54-8, about Racemization-free synthesis of dipeptide, amide and ester by oxalyl chloride and catalytic triphenylphosphine oxide. Author is Ren, Ji-Wei; Tong, Meng-Nan; Zhao, Yu-Fen; Ni, Feng.

An efficient triphenylphosphine oxide (Ph3PO) catalyzed amidation and esterification reaction for rapid synthesis of a series of dipeptides, amides and esters under mild condition is described. This reaction is applicable to challenging couplings of hindered carboxylic acid with low nucleophilic amine or alc., giving products in good yields (67-90%) without any racemization. This system employs highly reactive intermediate Ph3PCl2 as activator of carboxylate, in a catalytic manner, and drive the reaction to complete in short reaction time (less than 10 min). It has the advantages of good functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope and good atom-economy. A 100 mmol scale reaction with good yield shed light on its potential for industrial application. A plausible mechanism is proposed based on 31P NMR monitor of reaction process.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

COA of Formula: C4H5N3. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, CAS is 591-54-8, about Reductive Amination Revisited: Reduction of Aldimines with Trichlorosilane Catalyzed by Dimethylformamide – Functional Groups Tolerance, Scope, and Limitations. Author is Popov, Kirill K.; Campbell, Joanna L. P.; Kysilka, Ondrej; Hosek, Jan; Davies, Christopher D.; Pour, Milan; Kocovsky, Pavel.

Aldimines R1CH2NHR2 (R1 = but-3-yn-1-yl, Ph, thiophen-2-yl, etc.; R2 = Bu, Bn, cyclohexyl, 5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl, etc.), generated in situ from aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic aldehydes R1CHO and aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic primary or secondary amines R2NH2, can be reduced with trichlorosilane in the presence of DMF (DMF) as an organocatalyst (≤10 mol%) in toluene or CH2Cl2 at room temperature The reduction tolerates ketone carbonyls, esters, amides, nitriles, sulfones, sulfonamides, NO2, SF5, and CF3 groups, boronic esters, azides, phosphine oxides, C=C and CC bonds, and ferrocenyl nucleus but sulfoxides and N-oxides are reduced. α,β-Unsaturated aldimines undergo 1,2-reduction only, leaving the C=C bond intact. N-Monoalkylation of primary amines is attained with a 1:1 aldehyde to amine ratio, whereas excess of the aldehyde (≥2:1) allows second alkylation, giving rise to tertiary amines. Reductive N-alkylation of α-amino acids proceeds without racemization; the resulting products, containing a CC bond or N3 group, are suitable for click chem. This reaction thus offers advantages over the traditional methods (borohydride reduction or catalytic hydrogenation) in terms of efficiency and chemoselectivity. Solubility of some of the reacting partners appears to be the only limitation. The byproducts generated by the workup with aqueous NaHCO3 (i.e., NaCl and silica) are environmentally benign. As a greener alternative, DMA can be employed as a catalyst instead of DMF.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

SDS of cas: 591-54-8. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, CAS is 591-54-8, about Development of Chemical Entities Endowed with Potent Fast-Killing Properties against Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasites. Author is Matralis, Alexios N.; Malik, Adnan; Penzo, Maria; Moreno, Inmaculada; Almela, Maria J.; Camino, Isabel; Crespo, Benigno; Saadeddin, Anas; Ghidelli-Disse, Sonja; Rueda, Lourdes; Calderon, Felix; Osborne, Simon A.; Drewes, Gerard; Boesche, Markus; Fernandez-Alvaro, Elena; Martin Hernando, Jose Ignacio; Baker, David A..

One of the attractive properties of artemisinins is their extremely fast-killing capability, quickly relieving malaria symptoms. Nevertheless, the unique benefits of these medicines are now compromised by the prolonged parasite clearance times and the increasing frequency of treatment failures, attributed to the increased tolerance of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin. This emerging artemisinin resistance threatens to undermine the effectiveness of antimalarial combination therapies. Herein, we describe the medicinal chem. efforts focused on a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) inhibitor scaffold, leading to the identification of novel chem. entities with very potent, similar to artemisinins, fast-killing potency against asexual blood stages that cause disease, and activity against gametocyte activation that is required for transmission. Furthermore, we confirm that selective PKG inhibitors have a slow speed of kill, while chemoproteomic anal. suggests for the first time serine/arginine protein kinase 2 (SRPK2) targeting as a novel strategy for developing antimalarial compounds with extremely fast-killing properties.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Electric Literature of C4H5N3. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, CAS is 591-54-8, about Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 9-arylalkyl-10-methylacridinium derivatives as highly potent FtsZ-targeting antibacterial agents. Author is Song, Di; Zhang, Nan; Zhang, Panpan; Zhang, Na; Chen, Weijin; Zhang, Long; Guo, Ting; Gu, Xiaotong; Ma, Shutao.

With the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance, new antibacterial agents having novel mechanisms of action hence are in an urgent need to combat infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Four novel series of substituted 9-arylalkyl-10-methylacridinium derivatives as FtsZ inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities against various Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria. The results demonstrated that they exhibited broad-spectrum activities with substantial efficacy against MRSA and VRE, which were superior or comparable to the berberine, sanguinarine, linezolid, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. In particular, the most promising compound I showed rapid bactericidal properties, which avoid the emergence of drug resistance. However, I showed no inhibitory effect on Gram-neg. bacteria but biofilm formation study gave possible answers. Further target identification and mechanistic studies revealed that I functioned as an effective FtsZ inhibitor to alter the dynamics of FtsZ self-polymerization, which resulted in termination of the cell division and caused cell death. Further cytotoxicity and animal studies demonstrated that I not only displayed efficacy in a murine model of bacteremia in vivo, but also no significant hemolysis to mammalian cells. Overall, this compound with novel skeleton could serve as an antibacterial lead of FtsZ inhibitor for further evaluation of drug-likeness.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem