Tag: M.W=0-100

Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 290-37-9, Name is Pyrazine, SMILES is C1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a document, author is Maulidia, Vina, introduce the new discover, HPLC of Formula: C4H4N2.

Endophytic bacteria isolated from higher plant in Aceh, Indonesia, and their chemical compounds activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

BackgroundEndophytic bacteria are an association between bacteria and plant tissue that could play a role as a biocontrol agent.Main bodyEndophytic bacteria were isolated from several high root plants in Aceh, Indonesia. This study aimed to detect the chemical compounds of the potential endophytic bacteria as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). There were 198 endophytic bacterial isolates detected in roots of 9 higher plant. The hypersensitive reaction showed that 193 isolated endophytic bacteria were non-pathogenic. There were 13 isolated endophytic bacteria that worked to inhibit FOL between 50.0 and 89.2%; such endophytic bacteria were isolated from Solanum lycopersicum L., Psidium guajava L., Dendrocalamus asper (Schult with f.) Backer ex Heyne, Pinus merkusii L., Theobroma cacao L., and Albizia chinensis L. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that the endophytic bacteria were derived from species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. mosselii, Arthrobacter sp., Bacillus cereus, B. thuringiensis, and Serratia marcescens. P. aeruginosa that showed the highest inhibition was analyzed using GC-MS analysis. The analysis identified that antibiotics as Pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)- was produced by P. aeruginosa succeeded in suppressing FOL.ConclusionThe study recommends the species P. aeruginosa, as effective endophytic bacteria for the control of FOL pathogen.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 290-37-9 is helpful to your research. HPLC of Formula: C4H4N2.

Related Products of 290-37-9, Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. 290-37-9, Name is Pyrazine, SMILES is C1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Karimian, Mohammad, introduce new discover of the category.

Extraction and Identification of phytochemicals in Iranian oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Collected in Arghavan Valley, Ilam County by HS-SPME and GC-MS

In Iranian traditional medicine Quercus brantii var. Persica (Jaub. & Spach) Zohary (Oak) is considered warm- and dry-natured. It is used for gastric pain, ulcer, anemia, hemorrhoids and rickets, burns, indigestion, diarrhea, and infection. Oak is readily available and has a variety of medicinal and health effects in both traditional and modern remedies. The main objective of this research is Identification in oak compounds, using Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Oak fruits were collected from Argavan Valley, Ilam, west of Iran, after drying and powdering, chemical compounds were isolated by HS-SPME and identified by using GC-MS method. The results analysis of Quercus brantii var. Persica revealed the existence of 41 chemical compounds. Major chemicals included beta- pinene oxide (8.65%), Tetrahydro- linalyl acetate (8.51%), 2-methoxy-p-cresol (7.65%), 2- methoxy pyrazine (5.08%), 2-acetyl pyridine, 2,3-dimethyl pyrazine (4.42%), Trans- linalool oxide (3.79%), beta- pinene(3.66%), Verbenone (3.43%), and Terpin-4-ol (3.27%).

Related Products of 290-37-9, Because enzymes can increase reaction rates by enormous factors and tend to be very specific, typically producing only a single product in quantitative yield, they are the focus of active research.you can also check out more blogs about 290-37-9.

Reference of 290-37-9, Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. 290-37-9, Name is Pyrazine, SMILES is C1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Wang, Cheng, introduce new discover of the category.

Design and optimization of orally spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors for treatment of solid tumor

As the aim to discover orally SYK inhibitors for solid tumor treatment, a series of novel derivatives based on imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine scaffold were designed, synthesized and evaluated. Structure-activity relationship study of both enzymatic and cellular assays led to the identification of compound 12f. The novel SYK inhibitor 12f showed potent antitumor activity against solid tumors with favorable drug-like properties of lipophilicity and solubility. 12f could induce cell apoptosis of ovarian and lung cancer cell lines. In SKOV3 xenograft mouse model, oral administration of 12f led to significant tumour regression without obvious toxicity. 12f improved the limited response of traditional SYK inhibitors in solid tumors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this compound may act as a promising lead compound for further development of new SYK inhibitors for solid tumor therapy.

Reference of 290-37-9, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 290-37-9 is helpful to your research.

Related Products of 290-37-9, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 290-37-9, Name is Pyrazine, SMILES is C1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a article, author is Abdelkhalek, Ahmed, introduce new discover of the category.

Bacillus licheniformis strain POT1 mediated polyphenol biosynthetic pathways genes activation and systemic resistance in potato plants against Alfalfa mosaic virus

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is a worldwide distributed virus that has a very wide host range and causes significant crop losses of many economically important crops, including potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). In this study, the antiviral activity of Bacillus licheniformis strain POT1 against AMV on potato plants was evaluated. The dual foliar application of culture filtrate (CF), 24 h before and after AMVinoculation, was the most effective treatment that showed 86.79% reduction of the viral accumulation level and improvement of different growth parameters. Moreover, HPLC analysis showed that a 20 polyphenolic compound was accumulated with a total amount of 7,218.86 and 1606.49 mg/ kg in POT1-treated and non-treated plants, respectively. Additionally, the transcriptional analysis of thirteen genes controlling the phenylpropanoid, chlorogenic acid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways revealed that most of the studied genes were induced after POT1 treatments. The stronger expression level of F3H, the key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis in plants, (588.133-fold) and AN2, anthocyanin 2 transcription factor, (97.005-fold) suggested that the accumulation flavonoid, especially anthocyanin, might play significant roles in plant defense against viral infection. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione is the major compound in CF ethyl acetate extract, that is suggesting it acts as elicitor molecules for induction of systemic acquired resistance in potato plants. To our knowledge, this is the first study of biological control of AMV mediated by PGPR in potato plants.

Related Products of 290-37-9, Each elementary reaction can be described in terms of its molecularity, the number of molecules that collide in that step. The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is the rate-determining step.you can also check out more blogs about 290-37-9.

4949-13-7, name is 2-Fluoropyrazine, belongs to Pyrazines compound, is considered to be a conventional heterocyclic compound, which is widely used in drug synthesis. The chemical synthesis route is as follows. Formula: C4H3FN2

Example 65(4-cyclobutylpiperazin-1-yl)(7-(pyrazin-2-yl)-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl)methanone A mixture of Intermediate 7 (100 mg, 0.34 mmol), 2-fluoropyrazine (141 mg, 1.44 mmol), DIEA (0.6 mL, 3.44 mmol) and DMSO (1 mL) was heated to 130 C. for 30 min in a Biotage Initiator microwave oven. The reaction mixture was injected on a preparative HPLC UV using a high pH shallow gradient method (Mobile phase: 30-50% B; A: H2O with 15 mM NH4CO3 and 0.375% NH4OH v/v, B: CH3CN, 30 min. run) on XBridge Prep C18 OBD, 30¡Á150 mm, 10 mum, Waters reverse phase column, to provide title compound (76 mg, 59.9%) as a solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) delta ppm 1.59-1.68 (m, 2H) 1.68-1.82 (m, 4H) 1.91 (br. s., 2H) 1.99-2.12 (m, 4H) 2.13-2.24 (m, 2H) 2.30 (br. s., 4H) 2.74 (quin, J=7.52 Hz, 1H) 3.22 (quin, J=8.69 Hz, 1H) 3.39 (br. s., 2H) 3.45-3.53 (m, 2H) 3.54-3.62 (m, 2H) 3.65 (br. s., 2H) 7.79 (d, J=2.34 Hz, 1H) 8.03 (dd, J=2.73, 1.56 Hz, 1H) 8.14 (s, 1H); HRMS m/z calcd for C21H32N5O 370.2601 [M+H]+, found 370.2604.

The synthetic route of 4949-13-7 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; ASTRAZENECA AB; US2010/130477; (2010); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthetic Route of 5049-61-6,Some common heterocyclic compound, 5049-61-6, name is Pyrazin-2-amine, molecular formula is C4H5N3, traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

A mixture of 2-aminopyrazine (25 g, 262.9 mmol) and chloroacetaldehyde (50% solution in water, 50 ml, 394 mmol) was heated for 2 d at 100 C. in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate (33.1 g, 394 mmol). The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and saturated potassium carbonate solution (100 ml) was added thereto. Extraction with dichloromethane was then carried out, and the organic phase was dried (Na2SO4) and concentrated. Purification was carried out by column chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol 95:5+5% NH4OH [35%]). Yield: 7.6 g (24%)

The synthetic route of 5049-61-6 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; Gruenenthal GmbH; US2008/153843; (2008); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Adding a certain compound to certain chemical reactions, such as: 5049-61-6, name is Pyrazin-2-amine, belongs to Pyrazines compound, can increase the reaction rate and produce products with better performance than those obtained under traditional synthetic methods. Here is a downstream synthesis route of the compound 5049-61-6, Product Details of 5049-61-6

At room temperature,2-aminopyrazine (8.00 g, 84.12 mmol) was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (160 mL)Add water (4 mL),Ice bath,N-bromosuccinimide (31.50 g, 177.00 mmol) was added portionwise to the reaction solution over 30 min,Feeding is completed,Stirred at room temperature overnight,Add water (500mL) quenching,Ethyl acetate (500 mL x 3)Dried over anhydrous Na2SO4,The solvent was removed and the residue was subjected to column chromatography (eluent: PE / EtOAc (v / v) = 6/1) to give 16.40 g of light yellow Color solid, yield: 76.6%.

At the same time, in my other blogs, there are other synthetic methods of this type of compound, Pyrazin-2-amine, and friends who are interested can also refer to it.

Reference:
Patent; Guangdong East Sunshine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; Liu, Bing; Huang, Jiuzhong; Zhang, Yingjun; Xue, Yaping; Xing, Wei; Xu, Juan; Wu, Zuping; Yu, Tianxi; (106 pag.)CN106432246; (2017); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthetic Route of 109-08-0, In the chemical reaction process, reaction time, type of solvent, can easily affect the result of the reaction, thereby determining the yield and properties of the reaction product. An updated downstream synthesis route of 109-08-0 as follows.

EXAMPLE 21; 3-(3,4-Dimethyl-lH-indol-l-yl)-N’-(3-methoxy-4-(pyrazin-2- ylmethoxy)benzylidene)propanehydrazide; [0533] (a) 2-(Chloromethyl)pyrazine: A solution of 2-methylpyrazine (0.75 mL, 8.0 mmol), NCS (1.5 g, 11.4 mmol) and benzoyl peroxide (96 mg, 0.4 mmol) in CCl4 (30 mL) was refluxed overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction was diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, brine and dried (Na2SO4). The crude material obtained (-600 mg) was used directly in the next step

According to the analysis of related databases, 109-08-0, the application of this compound in the production field has become more and more popular.

Reference:
Patent; STEIN, Philip; DAINES, Robert; SPROUS, Dennis; O’GRADY, Harold; WO2010/132615; (2010); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Researchers who often do experiments know that organic synthesis is a process of preparing more complex target molecules from simple raw materials through one or more chemical reactions. Generally, it requires fewer steps, and cheap raw materials. 109-08-0, name is 2-Methylpyrazine, A new synthetic method of this compound is introduced below., Formula: C5H6N2

(E)-2-[2-(Pyrazin-2-yl)vinyl)benzamide hydrochloride n-Butyl lithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 4.8 mL, 12.0 mmol, 1.2 eq.) was added dropwise to a solution of diisopropylamine (1.83 mL, 1.32 g, 13.0 mmol, 1.3 eq.) in dry tetrahydrofuran (25 mL) at -78¡ã C. The mixture was stirred at -78¡ã C. for 10 min and 2-methylpyrazine (0.91 mL, 0.94 g, 10.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at -78¡ã C. for 30 min. A solution of 2-cyanobenzaldehyde (1.31 g, 10.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in dry THF (10 mL) was added dropwise and the mixture was allowed to slowly warm up to room temperature over 2 h while stirring. The reaction was quenched by addition of water (20 mL). The pH was adjusted to ?10 by careful addition of conc. HCl and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3*25 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine (25 mL), dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (SiO2, 1:9 methanol-ethyl acetate) providing 2-(1-hydroxy-2-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethyl)benzamide (1.06 g, 44percent yield) as a clear yellow oil.

The basis of chemical reaction formula synthesis, the synthesis route is composed of some specific reactions and combined according to certain logical thinking. We look forward to the emergence of more reaction modes in the future.

Reference:
Patent; UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN – NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN; THE HOLY AND UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH; KENNEDY, Breandan; REYNOLDS, Alison; O’SULLIVAN, Jacintha; BAXTER, Andrew Douglas; (44 pag.)US2016/326122; (2016); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Researchers who often do experiments know that organic synthesis is a process of preparing more complex target molecules from simple raw materials through one or more chemical reactions. Generally, it requires fewer steps, and cheap raw materials. 5049-61-6, name is Pyrazin-2-amine, A new synthetic method of this compound is introduced below., Quality Control of Pyrazin-2-amine

2-Aminopyrazine (0.50 g, 5.26 mmol) was dissolved in THF (50 mL), and N-chlorosuccinimide (1.62 g, 12.1 mmol) was added to the solution with stirring. The mixture was refluxed at 100 C for 10 h. After cooling, solvent was evaporated. The residue was directly purified by column chromatography. Finally, the obtained product was washed with pentane/diethyl ether (5:1) to 2-Amino-3,5-dichloropyrazine 1b (492 mg, 57%) as a slightly yellow solid. 1H NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3) delta 7.99 (s, 1H), 5.10 (br, 2H)

The basis of chemical reaction formula synthesis, the synthesis route is composed of some specific reactions and combined according to certain logical thinking. We look forward to the emergence of more reaction modes in the future.

Reference:
Article; Kwak, Se Hun; Lee, Gee-Hyung; Gong, Young-Dae; Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society; vol. 33; 12; (2012); p. 4271 – 4274;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem