Tag: 200-300

Are molecular 5,8-π-extended quinoxaline derivatives good chromophores for photoluminescence applications? was written by Mancilha, Fabiana S.;Da Silveira Neto, Brenno A.;Lopes, Aline S.;Moreira, Paulo F. Jr.;Quina, Frank H.;Goncalves, Reinaldo S.;Dupont, Jairton. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of a new series of photoluminescent compounds, namely 5,8-diarylquinoxalines (aryl = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄,4-MeOC₆H₄, $-NCC₆H₄), was achieved by a direct Suzuki cross-coupling reaction using a NCP-pincer palladacycle. The electrochem. and photophys. properties of these compounds were also investigated. Four new 4,8-diaryl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles were also synthesized in order to enable a comparison between the two types of nitrogen-containing π-extended heterocycles. The substitution of a hydrogen atom at the 4-position of the aryl group attached to the quinoxaline or benzothiadiazole base by either electron-donating or -withdrawing groups results in an increase in the bandgap energy (from 2.21 to 2.52 eV) of π-extended 5,8-quinoxaline derivatives and a decrease in the bandgap energy (from 2.65 to 2.40 eV) of π-extended 2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles. Moreover, π-extension at the 5- and 8-positions of the quinoxaline core is not essential for the photoluminescence of these compounds and 4,7-π-extended 2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles are far better candidates for luminescence applications than are the quinoxaline derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of amiloride analogs as inhibitors of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was written by Matthews, Hayden;Ranson, Marie;Tyndall, Joel D. A.;Kelso, Michael J.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2011.Formula: C6H7ClN4O2 This article mentions the following:

A known side-activity of the oral potassium-sparing diuretic drug amiloride is inhibition of the enzyme urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA, K _i = 7 μM), a promising anticancer target. Several studies have demonstrated significant antitumor/metastasis properties for amiloride in animal cancer models and it would appear that these arise, at least in part, through inhibition of uPA. Selective optimization of amiloride’s structure for more potent inhibition of uPA and loss of diuretic effects would thus appear as an attractive strategy towards novel anticancer agents. A preliminary structure-activity exploration of amiloride analogs as inhibitors of uPA is reported. A key finding was that the well-studied 5-substituted analogs ethylisopropyl amiloride (EIPA) and hexamethylene amiloride (HMA) are approx. twofold more potent than amiloride as uPA inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Formula: C6H7ClN4O2).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, α-hydroxyketone, α-methyl ketone. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Formula: C6H7ClN4O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

DNA-Binding Small-Ligand-Immobilized Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Detecting Thymine-Related Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms was written by Miura, Sara;Nishizawa, Seiichi;Suzuki, Akinori;Fujimoto, Yukiko;Ono, Katsuya;Gao, Qiang;Teramae, Norio. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2011.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor that carries DNA-binding small ligands has been developed for the detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). 3,5-Diaminopyrazine derivatives, with a hydrogen-bonding profile fully complementary to the thymine base, were utilized as recognition elements on the sensor surface, and a target single-stranded DNA sequence was hybridized with a DNA probe containing an abasic site to place this site opposite a nucleobase to be detected. In a continuous flow of sample solutions buffered to pH 6.4 (0.25 NaCl), the 3,5-diaminopyrazine-based SPR sensor can detect an orphan nucleobase in the duplex with a clear selectivity for thymine over cytosine, guanine, and adenine (5′-GTT GGA GCT GXG GGC GTA GGC-3’/3′-CAA CCT CGA CNC CCG CAT CCG-5′; X=abasic site, N=target nucleobase G, C, A, or T). The SPR response was linear in the concentration range 10-100 n. Allele discrimination is possible based on the combination of different binding surfaces in a flow cell of the SPR system, which is demonstrated for the anal. of the thymine/cytosine mutation present in 63-meric polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification products (Ha-ras gene, codon 12, antisense strand). Comparison with a bulk assay based on 3,5-diaminopyrazine/DNA binding shows that the immobilization of 3,5-diaminopyrazine derivatives on the SPR sensor allows more sensitive detection of the target DNA sequence, and binding selectivity can be tuned by controlling the salt concentration of sample solutions These features of the DNA-binding small-mol.-immobilized SPR sensor are discussed as a basis for the design of SPR biosensors for SNP genotyping. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Application In Synthesis of Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, α-hydroxyketone, α-methyl ketone. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Band-gap engineering of donor-acceptor-substituted π-conjugated polymers was written by Van Mullekom, H. A. M.;Vekemans, J. A. J. M.;Meijer, E. W.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 1998.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Three series of alternating donor-acceptor-substituted co-oligomers (with different chain lengths) have been prepared by application of the Pd-catalyzed Stille coupling methodol. They contain pyrrole or thiophene as the electron-rich unit and quinoxaline or 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as the electron-deficient unit. The trimethylstannyl group is always located on the electron-rich unit, whereas the bromo substituent is always located on the electron-deficient one. The tBoc-protecting group is used in the synthesis of the pyrrole-containing oligomers. The incremental bathochromic shift of λ_max upon chain elongation of the three series of oligomers is less than that of the homo-oligomers of thiophene and pyrrole; this decrease is caused by a diminished dispersion of the LUMO level upon chain elongation. This conclusion was drawn after comparing the oxidation and reduction behavior of the thiophene/benzothiadiazole co-oligomers with that of thiophene oligomers. The incremental bathochromic shift is similar for all three series of oligomers and is used as a tool in the band-gap engineering of donor-acceptor-substituted π-conjugated polymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

6-Substituted amiloride derivatives as inhibitors of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator for use in metastatic disease was written by Buckley, Benjamin J.;Majed, Hiwa;Aboelela, Ashraf;Minaei, Elahe;Jiang, Longguang;Fildes, Karen;Cheung, Chen-Yi;Johnson, Darren;Bachovchin, Daniel;Cook, Gregory M.;Huang, Mingdong;Ranson, Marie;Kelso, Michael J.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2019.Recommanded Product: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

Aryldiaminopyrazinecarbonyl guanidines I (R = Ph, 4-MeSC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 5-pyrimidinyl, 2,4-dimethoxy-5-pyrimidinyl, 2-methoxy-5-pyrimidinyl, 2,6-dimethoxy-3-pyridinyl, 2-thienyl, 2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, 1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl, 2-benzothienyl, 5-R¹-2-benzofuranyl, 6-methoxy-2-benzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydro-5-benzofuranyl; R¹ = H, Me, MeO, F, Cl, Br, NC) were prepared as analogs of the potassium ion-sparing diuretic amiloride for the inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and for inhibiting tumor metastasis. The structures of four aryldiaminopyrazinecarbonyl guanidines bound to uPA were determined by X-ray crystallog.; the improved inhibition of uPA by amiloride analogs likely arise from increased occupancy of uPA’s S1β subsite by the aryl substituents. I (R = 2-benzofuranyl, 2-methoxy-5-pyrimidinyl) were selective for uPA over related trypsin-like serine proteases and did not show diuretic or anti-kaliuretic effects in rats. I (R = 2-benzofuranyl) inhibited tumor metastasis in a murine xenograft lung cancer model. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Recommanded Product: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Recommanded Product: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

New Didecyloxyphenylene-Acceptor Alternating Conjugated Copolymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Optoelectronic Device Applications was written by Liu, Cheng-Liang;Tsai, Jung-Hsun;Lee, Wen-Ya;Chen, Wen-Chang;Jenekhe, Samson A.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2008.COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Seven donor-acceptor copolymers incorporating didecyloxyphenylene (DP) donor and the following acceptors-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TP), 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT), quinoxaline (Q), pyridine (Py), 2,3-dimethyl-5,7-dithien-2-yl-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (DTTP), 4,7-dithien-2-yl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DTBT), and 2,3-dimethyl-5,7-dithien-2-yl-quinoxaline (DTQ)-were synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization The effects of the acceptor strength and backbone planarity on the optical, electrochem., field-effect charge transport, and photovoltaic properties of the donor-acceptor copolymers were investigated. The optical band gap (eV) of the copolymers showed the trend of DP/TP (1.47) < DP/BT (2.37) < DP/Py (2.76) < DP/Q (2.78) < DP/P (3.15). The DP/TP copolymer had a field-effect hole mobility of 1.89 × 10^-3 cm² V^-1 s^-1. The DP/DTBT and DP/DTQ copolymers showed hole mobilities of 1.92 × 10^-4 and 2.10 × 10^-3 cm² V^-1 s^-1, resp. The strong acceptor strength of TP and coplanar backbone in the DP/TP copolymer resulted in a large intramol. charge transfer, leading to the observed charge transport and optical properties.. These results show that the backbone planarity of the DP/BT and DP/Q copolymers was significantly improved by incorporating thiophene moieties, leading to enhanced charge transport. Photovoltaic cells fabricated from DP/DTBT and DP/DTQ polymers blended with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid Me ester (PCBM) showed power conversion efficiencies of 0.40-0.41% under AM 1.5 solar simulator illumination (100 mW/cm²). The results of the present study show that the electronic and optoelectronic properties of dialkoxylphenylene-based donor-acceptor copolymers could be tuned through the acceptor structure and backbone coplanarity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazinesare six-membered aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds with two nitrogen atoms at 1,4-positions. Pyrazine is a weaker base (pKb = 13.4) than pyridine (pKb = 8.8), pyrimidine (pKb = 12.7). A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Degradation products from amiloride hydrochloride was written by Goerlitzer, Klaus;Huth, Silke;Goessnitzer, Edith;Wendelin, Winfried. And the article was included in Scientia Pharmaceutica in 2004.Reference of 1458-01-1 This article mentions the following:

The degradation of amiloride hydrochloride (I) in acetate buffer pH 4.6 (reflux) was studied. The following products were obtained; amiloride acetate, 3-chloropyrazin-2,6-diamine, and 5-allophanoyl-3-chloropyrazin-2,6-diamine. The heating of I in DMF led to the formation of 2,7-diamino-6-chloro-4(3H)pteridinone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Reference of 1458-01-1).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Reference of 1458-01-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Pyrazine diuretics. II. N-amidino-3-amino-5-substituted 6-halopyrazinecarboxamides was written by Cragoe, Edward J. Jr.;Woltersdorf, Otto W. Jr.;Bicking, John B.;Kwong, Sara F.;Jones, James Holden. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1967.Computed Properties of C6H7ClN4O2 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of a series of N-amidino-3-amino-5-substituted-6-halopyrazinecarboxamides (I) is described In rats and dogs, these compounds cause diuresis and saluresis while K excretion is unaffected or repressed Compounds with a variety of 5 substituents including hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, amino, and substitute amino were prepared The latter 2 tupes embrace compounds with the highest activity. Several routes for the synthesis of Me 3-amino-5,6-dichloropyrazinoate, a key intermediate, are presented. 23 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Computed Properties of C6H7ClN4O2).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Computed Properties of C6H7ClN4O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

New amiloride analog as hapten to raise anti-amiloride antibodies was written by Kleyman, Thomas R.;Rajagopalan, Raghavan;Cragoe, Edward J. Jr.;Erlanger, Bernard F.;Al-Awqati, Qais. And the article was included in American Journal of Physiology in 1986.Name: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A new amiloride analog amiloride-caproic acid, was synthesized, coupled to albumin, and used as a hapten to raise anti-amiloride antibodies in rabbits. The antibodies were affinity purified with an amiloride affinity column and characterized. Binding studies using [³H]benzamil showed a dissociation constant of 0.8 nM. Amiloride and amiloride-caproate inhibited [³H]benzamil binding; ε-guanidinocaproic acid showed no inhibition. Anti-amiloride antibodies reversed the inhibition by amiloride of Na transport across the toad urinary bladder. Anti-amiloride antibodies and an amiloride affinity column should provide useful tools for the characterization of the epithelial Na channel. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Name: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, α-hydroxyketone, α-methyl ketone. Pyrazines are chemical compounds (technically called “methoxypyrazines”) found in grape skin and stems that are responsible for many “green” flavors in wine. Levels of pyrazines are dependent on viticultural practices, climate, and grape variety.Name: Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

High-Performance and Light-Emitting n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Dithienylbenzothiadiazole and Related Heterocycles was written by Kono, Takahiro;Kumaki, Daisuke;Nishida, Jun-ichi;Sakanoue, Tomo;Kakita, Motoyasu;Tada, Hirokazu;Tokito, Shizuo;Yamashita, Yoshiro. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2007.Computed Properties of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Authors developed new semiconductors composed of donor-acceptor compounds including electron accepting benzothiazole and related heterocycles. The FET devices based on them showed high n-type performance. Using the benzothiazole unit, the threshold voltage was reduced to 3 CM^-1. The devices showed n-type light emitting FET characteristics, where the emission intensity was strongly dependent on the gate voltage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Computed Properties of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. A number of pyrazine-based derivatives were used as dyes or fluorescent probes.Computed Properties of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem