Tag: 100-200

Synthesis of pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazines and study of their antitumor activity was written by Postovskii, I. Ya.;Charushin, V. N.;Mokrushina, G. A.;Kotovskaya, S. K.;Barybin, A. S.;Chupakhin, O. N.;Chernyshev, A. I.. And the article was included in Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal in 1982.Reference of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Cyclocondensation of I (R = Me₂N, morpholino, piperidino) with glyoxal gave 50-60% II which were quaternized with MeI to give 60-64% III. II (R = Me₂N) and III (R = Me₂N) inhibited sarcoma 37 in mice 50-55% at 50-100 娓璯/kg dosage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Reference of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Reference of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Novel homo-bivalent and polyvalent compounds based on ligustrazine and heterocyclic ring as anticancer agents was written by Wang, Jiawen;Hong, Ge;Li, Guoliang;Wang, Wenzhi;Liu, Tianjun. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Related Products of 75907-74-3 This article mentions the following:

Bivalent and polyvalent inhibitors can be used as antitumor agents. In this experiment, eight ligustrazine dimers and seven ligustrazine tetramers linked by alkane diamine with different lengths of carbon chain lengths were synthesized. After screening their antiproliferation activities against five cancer cell lines, most ligustrazine derivatives showed better cytotoxicity than the ligustrazine monomer. In particular, ligustrazine dimer 8e linked with decane-1,10-diamine exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in FaDu cells with an IC50 (50% inhibiting concentration) value of 1.36 nM. Further mechanism studies suggested that 8e could induce apoptosis of FaDu cells through the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and S-phase cell cycle arrest. Inspired by these results, twenty-seven addnl. small mol. heterocyclic dimers linked with decane-1,10-diamine and nine cinnamic acid dimers bearing ether chain were synthesized and screened. Most monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic systems showed highly selective anti-proliferation activity to FaDu cells and low toxicity to normal MCF 10A cells. The structure-activity relationship revealed that the two terminal amide bonds and the alkyl linker with a chain length of 8-12 carbon were two important factors to maintain its antitumor activity. In addition, the ADMET calculation predicted that most of the potent compounds had good oral bioavailability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3Related Products of 75907-74-3).

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are part of several biologically active polycyclic compounds; examples are quinoxalines, phenazines; and the bio-luminescent natural products pteridines, flavins, and their derivatives. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Related Products of 75907-74-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

A study of solvent effects on the phosphorescence properties of flavins was written by Brunk, G. R.;Martin, K. A.;Nishimura, A. M.. And the article was included in Biophysical Journal in 1976.SDS of cas: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

A combination of zero-field triplet-state techniques was used to study the excited electronic states of a series of flavin and flavin related mols. both in single crystals and glass matrixes. Particular attention was given to the effects of solvent interaction on the triplet-state properties of the flavin mols. The total phosphorescence decay rate constants at 1.4 K are reported for the flavin mols. in polar and nonpolar solvents. The rate constants were correlated to the degree of solvent interaction. Results indicated possible complex formation between the isoalloxazine and adenine groups in FAD. The results and possible interpretation on the flavoenzyme, L-amino acid oxidase, are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3SDS of cas: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.SDS of cas: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Estimation of electron affinity based on structure activity relationships was written by Hilal, S. H.;Carreira, L. A.;Karickhoff, S. W.;Melton, C. M.. And the article was included in Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in 1993.Related Products of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Electron affinity for a wide range of organic mols. was calculated from mol. structure using the chem. reactivity models developed in SPARC. These models are based on fundamental chem. structure theory applied to the prediction of chem. reactivities for organic mols. strictly from mol. structure. The energy differences between the LUMO state and the HOMO state for a mol. of interest are factored into mechanistic components including the field, sigma induction and resonance contributions to these energy differences. The RMS deviation between observed and calculated electron affinities was found to be less than 0.14 e.v. for a large set of organic mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Related Products of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine has the elements of symmetry for the point group D2h. It has three mutually perpendicular two-fold axes. It also has three mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry. As a result, pyrazine also has a centre of symmetry. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Related Products of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, spectral characterization, dna interaction and anticancer evaluation of transition metal complexes of hydroxamic acid derivative was written by Hegde, Divya S.;Gudasi, Kalagouda B.. And the article was included in World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2016.Safety of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A novel tetradentate chelating ligand, N閳?(1-(hydroxyamino)-1-oxopropan-2-ylidene)pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide and its Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (vibrational, electronic, ¹H NMR,¹³C NMR and Mass) and thermal studies. The interaction of ligand and complexes with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has been extensively studied using absorption, emission, viscosity and thermal denaturation studies with E. coli DNA. The DNA cleavage ability of ligand and metal complexes was tested using plasmid pBR322 DNA by gel electrophoresis method. The compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells of different origin such as MCF-7, Mia-Pa-Ca-2 and DU-145 by using SRB(sulforhodamineB) assay. The copper and iron complex have shown better anticancer activity as compared to other compounds under study. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Safety of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazinesare six-membered aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds with two nitrogen atoms at 1,4-positions. Pyrazine is a weaker base (pKb = 13.4) than pyridine (pKb = 8.8), pyrimidine (pKb = 12.7). Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Safety of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Development of Large-Scale Routes to Potent GPR119 Receptor Agonists was written by Matsuoka, Richard T.;Boros, Eric E.;Brown, Andrew D.;Bullock, Kae M.;Canoy, Will L.;Carpenter, Andrew J.;Cobb, Jeremy D.;Condon, Shannon E.;Deschamps, Nicole M.;Elitzin, Vassil I.;Erickson, Greg;Fang, Jing M.;Igo, David H.;Joshi, Biren K.;Kaldor, Istvan W.;Mitchell, Mark B.;Peckham, Gregory E.;Reynolds, Daniel W.;Salmon, Matthew C.;Sharp, Matthew J.;Tabet, Elie A.;Toczko, Jennifer F.;Wu, Lianming Michael;Zhou, Xiao-ming M.. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2016.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-5-chloropyrazine This article mentions the following:

Practical and scalable syntheses were developed that were used to prepare multi kilogram batches of GSK1292263A (1) and GSK2041706A (15), two potent G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) agonists. Both syntheses employed relatively cheap and readily available starting materials, and both took advantage of an S_NAr synthetic strategy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-5-chloropyrazine (cas: 912773-21-8Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-5-chloropyrazine).

2-Bromo-5-chloropyrazine (cas: 912773-21-8) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-5-chloropyrazine

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Metal-catalyzed oxidations. Part 6. Molybdenum-catalyzed olefin epoxidation: ligand effects was written by Thiel, Werner R.;Eppinger, Joerg. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 1997.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

0E synthesized substituted pyrazolylpyridine ligands to examine their donor properties by spectroscopic (IR, NMR) and computational (AM1) methods. The influence of the substitution patterns on spectroscopic and thermodn. features of molybdenum oxobisperoxo complexes [(L-L)MoO(O₂)₂] [L-L = 2-(1-alkyl-3-pyrazolyl)pyridine/pyrazine] correlates with the activities of the complexes in catalytic olefin epoxidation reactions. This further proof for the relation between the Lewis acidity and the catalytic activity of epoxidation catalysts supports a reaction mechanism in which the peroxo complex activates the oxidizing agent (H₂O₂, ROOH) instead of directly transferring an oxygen atom from a 鐣?sup>2-peroxo ligand to the olefin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Syntheses of pyrazines. I was written by Tsai, Songchuan;Chang, Zhangfu;Wang, Wingziang;Chang, Ming;Ji, Suping. And the article was included in Nanjing Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexue in 1984.Application of 6924-68-1 This article mentions the following:

Six alkylpyrazines I (R = Me, Et; R¹ = Et, CHMe₂; R² = H, Me) were prepared by the cyclocondensation of H₂NCHR²CH₂NH₂ and RCOCOR¹, followed by catalytic dehydrogenation. Oxidation of I (R = Me, Et, R¹ = Et, R² = H, Me) with Na₂Cr₂O₇ and AcOH gave acetylpyrazines I (R = Me, Et, R¹ = Ac, R² = H, Me). 2-Acetylpyrazine was prepared by the cyclocondensation of o-C₆H₄(NH₂)₂ with glyoxal to give quinoxaline, then oxidation and decarboxylation to pyrazinecarboxylic acid, followed by esterification and Claisen condensation with AcOEt. All pyrazines prepared have unique aroma useful for food flavorings. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Application of 6924-68-1).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Application of 6924-68-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis and spectroscopic study of three new oxadiazole derivatives with detailed computational evaluation of their reactivity and pharmaceutical potential was written by Mary, Y. Sheena;Miniyar, Pankaj B.;Mary, Y. Shyma;Resmi, K. S.;Panicker, C. Yohannan;Armakovic, Stevan;Armakovic, Sanja J.;Thomas, Renjith;Sureshkumar, B.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2018.Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Local reactivity properties and potential for application in new pharmaceutical compounds have been addressed for the three newly synthesized oxadiazole derivatives 2-(5-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (ORTHONITRO), 2-(5-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (METANITRO) and 2-(5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (PARANITRO), by application of computational mol. modeling. Within the framework of d. functional theory (DFT) this study encompassed calculations of mol. electrostatic potential (MEP), average local ionization energies (ALIE) and bond dissociation energies for hydrogen abstraction (H-BDE). MD simulations have been used in order to assess the influence of water and to identify the atoms of these mols. with preference towards the interaction with water mols. Mol. docking procedure has been applied in order to check the binding activity of these derivatives against the Glucan endo-1.6-beta-glucosidase inhibitor, Acrocylindropepsin inhibitor and Chymosin inhibitor proteins. The pharmaceutical potential of these derivatives has been assessed by the calculations of the well-established drug likeness parameters. A strong out-of-plane CH mode of the Ph rings are observed at 769 cm^-1 for ORTHONITRO, 768 cm^-1 for METANITRO and at 848 cm^-1 for PARANITRO in the IR spectrum as expected for substituted benzenes. The VCD signals, corresponding to C=N and NO₂ modes of the title compounds are good markers for assigning of absolute configuration. In the title compounds, in ORTHONITRO, the oxadiazole ring is tilted from the Ph and pyrazine ring while for METANITRO and PARANITRO, there is a planar orientation. The first hyperpolariazabilities of ORTHONITRO, METANITRO and PARANITRO are resp., 34.83, 54.50 and 174.05 times that of urea. For all the compounds, HOMO is delocalized over the pyrazine and oxadiazole rings, while LUMO is delocalized over whole mol., except pyrazine ring of ORTHONITRO, over Ph ring and NO₂ group of METANITRO and in the entire mol. of PARANITRO. The title compounds are docked with the proteins, Glucan endo-1.6-beta-glucosidase inhibitor, Acrocylindropepsin inhibitor and Chymosin inhibitor and METANITRO exhibits more inhibitory activity against the receptors than the other ligands. The results obtained from anti-TB activity are more promising as the compounds were found to be more potent than reference standard, ORTHONITRO (MIC = 1.6 娓璯/mL), METANITRO (MIC = 0.8 娓璯/mL), PARANITRO (MIC = 1.6 娓璯/mL), streptomycin (MIC = 6.2 娓璯/mL) and pyrazinamide (MIC = 3.1 娓璯/mL). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Stabilizing biochemically important intermediates through metal coordination. 5,8-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-5,8-dihydropteridine and its deaza derivative was written by Bessenbacher, Christian;Kaim, Wolfgang. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 1989.Reference of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Reductive trimethylsilylation of pteridine and its deaza derivatives 1,4,6- and 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene and quinoxaline yields the primary reduced forms of these heterocycles, which contain the 1,4-dihydro-1,4-diazine ring with 8 conjugated 锜?electrons as the only low mol. weight products. Although the organometallic substituents stabilize these biochem. important yet normally short-lived dihydro forms and so allow unambiguous characterization by NMR, the non-crystalline, colored compounds are still highly reactive. Unexpectedly, the deaza derivatives prove to be less electron-rich than the silylated dihydropteridine despite a clear increase in the electron d. in the aromatic ring. The characteristic conformational flexibility of these intermediates is responsible for this inverse annulation effect. Reductive trimethylsilylation of 1,5-naphthyridine yields the 1-trimethylsilyl-1,4-dihydro derivative as the major product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Reference of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Substituted pyrazines have been found as subunits of multiple synthetically constructed therapeutic agents, as well as several natural products.Reference of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem