Pyrazines

I found the field of Chemistry very interesting. Saw the article Cu(II)-Mediated N-H and N-Alkyl Aryl Amination and Olefin Aziridination published in 2019. Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, Reprint Addresses Falck, JR (corresponding author), Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Biochem, Div Chem, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.. The CAS is 98-97-5. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid

Cu(II)-mediated direct NH2 and NH alkyl aryl aminations and olefin aziridinations are described. These room temperature, one-pot, environmentally friendly procedures replace costly Rh-2 catalysts and, in some instances, display important differences with comparable Rh-2- and Fe-supported reactions.

Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Munnuri, S; Anugu, RR; Falck, JR or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Authors Samie, A; Salimi, A; Garrison, JC in ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY published article about INDEPENDENT CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; THROUGH-SPACE INTERACTIONS; FACE-TO-FACE; HYDROGEN-BOND; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CURRENT-DENSITY; SANDWICH; SUBSTITUENTS; COMPLEXES; ENERGIES in [Samie, Ali; Salimi, Alireza] Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Mashhad, Iran; [Garrison, Jered C.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Omaha, NE USA in 2019, Cited 72. Recommanded Product: 98-97-5. The Name is Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-97-5

Based on the crystal engineering concept, four new esters containing alpha and beta-substituted naphthalene rings were designed, synthesized and fully characterized. The crystal structure analysis of the designed molecules revealed that the C-H-based interactions especially C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi have a significant role in the stabilization of crystal architectures. Regarding the molecular structure of naphthalene rings, one can find that bond lengths are divided into two groups (shorter and longer) so that relative localization is likely to occur in this system. Since pi-electron localization in aromatic rings has been previously introduced as responsible for stronger pi-stacking, this issue was investigated through C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi interaction in this study. Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) analysis was performed by exploration of suitable geometries for C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi(c) and C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi(e) in naphthalene and phenol systems (pi(c) and pi(e) are the centre and edge of the aromatic rings, respectively). The tendency factor (TF) of the C-H moiety toward ring bonds as a new CSD-based criterion was used to detect some of the resonance forms in aromatic rings. The results indicated that C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi(e) is a ubiquitous interaction which can be employed as an experimental probe for the detection of pi-localization in naphthalene rings. Systematic experimental studies, structural evidence and computational results on the title compounds confirmed the relative pi-electron localization, as well.

Recommanded Product: 98-97-5. About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Samie, A; Salimi, A; Garrison, JC or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Recently I am researching about AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; EQUILIBRIUM-CONSTANTS; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; URANIUM(VI); CRYSTAL; ION; CHEMISTRY; LIGAND, Saw an article supported by the National Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11675156, 91326110, 21790372, 21822606]. Published in ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY in CAMBRIDGE ,Authors: Lv, LN; Chen, BH; Liu, J; Chen, J; Xu, C; Yang, YQ. The CAS is 98-97-5. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid

Complexation of U(vi) with pyridazine-3-carboxylate (PDZ) and pyrazine-2-carboxylate (PAZ) was studied by spectrophotometry, potentiometry and microcalorimetry in 1.0 mol dm(-3) NaClO4. Three complexes, [UO2L](+), UO2L2(aq) and [UO2L3](-), were identified and their stability constants (log) and the corresponding formation enthalpies were determined. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the formation of the three complexes is endothermic and driven exclusively by entropy. H-1 and C-13-NMR data provide insight into the coordination modes of the complexes which corroborate with the thermodynamic data. Ligands chelate to U(vi) via (2)(N,O) coordination mode in complexes [UO2L](+) and UO2L2(aq). The crystal structures of four U(vi) complexes, [(UO2)(PAZ)(2)(H2O)]H2O(i), [(UO2)(PDZ)(2)(H2O)](ii), [(UO2)(PDZ)(3)Na2ClO4]2H(2)O(iii), and [(UO2)(2)(PDZ)(4)(H2O)(2)]2H(2)O(iv), were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and compared with the U(vi) complex with picolinate (PA) (CH6N3)[UO2(PA)(3)] in the literature. The structure data suggest that the carboxylates coordinate with uranium in O?C-O-U mode. The strengths of the U-O-C-C-N chelate cycles in the U(vi)/L complexes decrease with the trend of PA > PDZ > PAZ, which is in great agreement with the trend of thermodynamic parameters in aqueous solutions. It is interesting that in compound II two PDZ molecules coordinate with U(vi) in cis-planar positions via (2)(N,O) mode, but in other metal complexes of the three ligands having the same (2)(N,O) coordination mode the two ligand molecules are all in trans-arrangement. In the dimeric complex IV, one ligand coordinate with U(vi) in (2)(N,O) mode, while the other does it in (2)-L-(2)(O:O) mode respectively.

About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Lv, LN; Chen, BH; Liu, J; Chen, J; Xu, C; Yang, YQ or concate me.. Application In Synthesis of Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Khan, MT; Malik, SI; Ali, S; Masood, N; Nadeem, T; Khan, AS; Afzal, MT in [Khan, Muhammad Tahir; Malik, Shaukat Iqbal] Capital Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Bioinformat & Biosci, Islamabad Expressway,Kahuta Rd,Zone 5, Islamabad, Pakistan; [Ali, Sajid] Quaid E Azam Univ Islamabad & Prov TB Reference, Dept Microbiol, Lab Hayatabad Med Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan; [Masood, Nayyer; Afzal, Muhammad Tanvir] Capital Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci, Islamabad, Pakistan; [Nadeem, Tariq] Univ Punjab, Natl Ctr Excellence Mol Biol, Lahore, Pakistan; [Khan, Anwar Sheed] Khyber Med Univ, Inst Basic Med Sci, Peshawar, Pakistan; [Khan, Anwar Sheed] Prov TB Control Lab, Hayatabad Med Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan published Pyrazinamide resistance and mutations in pncA among isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in 2019, Cited 39. Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. The Name is Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-97-5.

BackgroundPyrazinamide (PZA) is an important component of first-line drugs because of its distinctive capability to kill subpopulations of persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The prodrug (PZA) is converted to its active form, pyrazinoic acid (POA) by MTB pncA-encoded pyrazinamidase (PZase). Mutation in pncA is the most common and primary cause of PZA resistance. The aim of the present study was to explore the molecular characterization of PZA resistance in a Pashtun-dominated region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.MethodsWe performed drug susceptibility testing (DST) on 753 culture-positive isolates collected from the Provincial Tuberculosis Control Program Khyber Pakhtunkhwa using the BACTEC MGIT 960 PZA method. In addition, the pncA gene was sequenced in PZA-resistant isolates, and PZA susceptibility testing results were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of pncA gene mutations.ResultsA total of 69 isolates were PZA resistant (14.8%). Mutations were investigated in 69 resistant, 26 susceptible and one H37Rv isolates by sequencing. Thirty-six different mutations were identified in PZA-resistant isolates, with fifteen mutations, including 194_203delCCTCGTCGTG and 317_318delTC, that have not been reported in TBDRM and GMTV Databases and previous studies. Mutations Lys96Thr and Ser179Gly were found in the maximum number of isolates (n=4 each). We did not detect mutations in sensitive isolates, except for the synonymous mutation 195C>T (Ser65Ser). The sensitivity and specificity of the pncA sequencing method were 79.31% (95% CI, 69.29 to 87.25%) and 86.67% (95% CI, 69.28 to 96.24%).ConclusionMutations in the pncA gene in circulating isolates of geographically distinct regions, especially in high-burden countries, should be investigated for better control and management of drug-resistant TB. Molecular methods for the investigation of PZA resistance are better than DST.

About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Khan, MT; Malik, SI; Ali, S; Masood, N; Nadeem, T; Khan, AS; Afzal, MT or concate me.. Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Formula: C5H4N2O2. Samie, A; Salimi, A in [Samie, Ali; Salimi, Alireza] Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran published Orientation-dependent conformational polymorphs in two similar pyridine/pyrazine phenolic esters in 2019, Cited 67. The Name is Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-97-5.

On the basis of crystal engineering, two similar esters of phenyl pyridine-2-carboxylate (I) and phenyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (II) were designed and synthesized. The compounds were characterized using FT-IR, mass spectrometry, CHN-elemental analyses, NMR and PXRD. For each compound, two polymorphs were obtained (Ia, Ib and IIa, IIb) and identified by TGA, DSC and SCXRD. A comparison of the crystal structures of the polymorphs revealed that the different torsion angles of the pyrazine (tau(1)) and phenyl (tau(2)) rings to the ester backbone resulted in the conformers I and II, respectively. Theoretical criteria (max(Delta theta), rmsd[r]-crystal, energy profile) confirmed that the structural differences in the conformers are in the range of acceptable values for the detection of conformational changes. The phase stability of the polymorphs was investigated by slurry and grinding methods as well as by the HSM technique. Since the orientations of pyrazine and phenyl moieties were altered in the polymorphs, the hydrogen bond donor and acceptors exhibited meaningful supramolecular architectures in the crystal packing as well as C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSISN, C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSISO and C-HMIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS pi interactions. The energetic study of the noncovalent interactions in the molecular pairs (dimers) of the polymorph crystal structures was performed by DFT-D calculations.

Formula: C5H4N2O2. About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Samie, A; Salimi, A or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

SDS of cas: 98-97-5. In 2020 J INORG BIOCHEM published article about IN-VITRO; MITOCHONDRIAL; CISPLATIN; DNA; LIGANDS; CYTOTOXICITY; MECHANISMS; CRYSTAL; DAMAGE; CELLS in [Zhao, Jin’an; Guo, Yan; Gan, Ning; Zhang, Junshuai; Hu, Jiyong] Henan Univ Urban Construct, Coll Mat & Chem Engn, Pingdingshan 467036, Henan, Peoples R China; [Li, Sen; Mei, Yameng; Yuan, Bangpeng; Hou, Hongwei] Zhengzhou Univ, Coll Chem, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China in 2020, Cited 43. The Name is Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 98-97-5.

Aiming at obtaining new copper complexes with good cytotoxicity against cancer cells, triphenylphosphine (TPP) was introduced to obtain insight into the influence of the co-ligands. In this paper, two copper complexes, Cu(2-pbmq)(CH3OH)Br-2 (1) and [Cu(2-pbmq)(TPP)Br](2) (2) were designed, synthesized, and characterized by X-ray crystallography, 2-((2-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl))quinolone (2-pbmq), to investigate the influence of the TPP group on the anticancer activity of the metal complex. Although the presence of the TPP group diminished the intensity of the interaction properties of the complex with DNA, the in vitro anticancer activity and cellular uptake of the TPP-containing complex were markedly superior to those of its TPP-lacking counterpart. Detailed studies on the more potently cytotoxic complex 2 revealed that it accumulated in nucleus, arrested the cell cycle at the G0-G1 phase, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, involving the potential simultaneous mitochondrial membrane collapse, cellular ATP level depletion, and Ca2+ leakage, eventually inducing cell apoptosis. In summary, the introduction of a TPP group enhances the biological activity and cytotoxicity of the complex.

About Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, If you have any questions, you can contact Li, S; Zhao, JA; Guo, Y; Mei, YM; Yuan, BP; Gan, N; Zhang, JS; Hu, JY; Hou, HW or concate me.. SDS of cas: 98-97-5

Reference:
Patent; Chevron Research Company; US4732894; (1988); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Electric Literature of 939412-86-9,Some common heterocyclic compound, 939412-86-9, name is (3-Chloropyrazin-2-yl)methanamine hydrochloride, molecular formula is C5H7Cl2N3, traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

(e) (2S,5R)-benzyl5-(((3-chloropyrazin-2-yl)methyl)carbamoyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate To a solution of (3S,6S)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid (0.78 g, 2.66 mmol) in 20 mL of DMF was added HATU (1.21 g, 3.2 mmol). After stirring for 30 min under N2, (3-Chloro-pyrazin-2-yl) methanamine hydrochloride (0.48 g, 2.66 mol) and Et3N (0.8 g, 7.98 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours under N2. The mixture was partitioned between EA and water. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCl and water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford (2S,5R)-benzyl 5-(((3-chloropyrazin-2-yl)methyl)carbamoyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl) piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.7 g, 63.0% yield). 1HNMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): delta=8.50?8.54 (m, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.31?7.41 (m, 5H), 5.16 (s, 2H), 4.63 (s, 2H), 4.34?4.38 (m, 1H), 4.21?4.25 (m, 1H), 3.72?3.77 (m, 1H), 3.63?3.67 (m, 1H), 3.01?3.07 (m, 1H), 2.46?2.54 (m, 1H), 1.80?1.93 (m, 3H), 1.61?1.71 (m, 1H). MS (ESI): M/Z (M+1): 419.1.

These compound has a wide range of applications. It is believed that with the continuous development of the source of the synthetic route (3-Chloropyrazin-2-yl)methanamine hydrochloride, its application will become more common.

Reference:
Patent; KIM, RONALD M.; Liu, Jian; Gao, Xiaolei; Boga, Sobhana Babu; Guiadeen, Deodialsingh; Kozlowski, Joseph A.; Yu, Wensheng; Anand, Rajan; Yu, Younong; Selyutin, Oleg B.; Gao, Ying-Duo; Wu, Hao; Liu, Shilan; Yang, Chundao; Wang, Hongjian; US2014/206681; (2014); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Reference of 13515-06-5,Some common heterocyclic compound, 13515-06-5, name is 5,6-Dimethylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, molecular formula is C7H8N2O2, traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

5,6-Dimethylpyrazine acid (0.27 mmol, prepared as Example 2), EDCI (0.35mmol) And DMAP (0.027 mmol) were dissolved in dry methylene chloride (20 mL). The compound hederagenin alcohol (140 mg, 0.27 mmol, prepared as Example 3) was dissolved in dichloromethane (20 mL). This solution was dropped into 5,6-methylpyrazine acid solution within 20 minutes, and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL), washed with saturated aqueous NaCl solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and purified by column chromatography to obtain a white powder, H-11. Yield: 25% (after chromatograph with DCM / MeOH, 1% -2%) as a white powder, m.p .: 146.2 C.

The synthetic route of 13515-06-5 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; Xinhuo Zhiyao (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.; Fang Kang; Guo Wenbo; Wang Penglong; Cheng Gang; (26 pag.)CN110964078; (2020); A;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Application of 38557-71-0, These common heterocyclic compound, 38557-71-0, name is 2-Chloro-6-methylpyrazine, its traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

To a suspension of 2-chloro-6-methylpyrazine (24 g, 186.7 mmol) in anhydrous MeOH (240 mL) was added NaOMe (12.1 g, 224 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60-70C for 16hours. The mixture was cooled and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give 2- methoxy-6-methylpyrazine (22 g, 95% yield). 1H NMR (CDCI3400 MHz): 7.98 (s, 1H), 7.94(s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 3.40 (s, 3H). LC-MS: tR = 1.47 mm (method 14), mlz= 124.8 [M + H].

Statistics shows that 2-Chloro-6-methylpyrazine is playing an increasingly important role. we look forward to future research findings about 38557-71-0.

Reference:
Patent; H. LUNDBECK A/S; KEHLER, Jan; RASMUSSEN, Lars, Kyhn; LANGGARD, Morten; JESSING, Mikkel; VITAL, Paulo, Jorge, Vieira; JUHL, Karsten; (159 pag.)WO2016/174188; (2016); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Electric Literature of 41110-29-6, These common heterocyclic compound, 41110-29-6, name is Methyl 3-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate, its traditional synthetic route has been very mature, but the traditional synthetic route has various shortcomings, such as complicated route, low yield, poor purity, etc, below Introduce a new synthetic route.

To a solution of methyl 3-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate (9.1 g, 59.8 mmol) in DCM (100 mL) at 0 C., was added urea hydrogen peroxide adduct, 97% (7.81 g, 83 mmol) and trifluoroacetic acid anhydride (10.8 ml, 78 mmol) dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 C. for 1 h, and at room temperature for 18 h. The reaction was diluted with DCM and quenched with saturated Na2SO3 solution; the aqueous layer was back-extracted with DCM. The combined organic extracts were dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude mixture was purified with ISCO (20% to 80% EtOAc/Hexanes) to afford a mixture of products: 2-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-methylpyrazine 1-oxide (5.2 g, 51.7% yield) and 3-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methylpyrazine 1-oxide. The mixture was taken to next step without further purification.

The synthetic route of 41110-29-6 has been constantly updated, and we look forward to future research findings.

Reference:
Patent; WHITE, Ryan; ALLEN, Jennifer R.; EPSTEIN, Oleg; HONG, Fang-Tsao; HUA, Zihao; HUMAN, Jason Brooks; LOPEZ, Patricia; OLIVIERI, Philip R.; ROMERO, Karina; SCHENKEL, Laurie; STELLWAGEN, John; TAMAYO, Nuria A.; ZHENG, Xiao Mei; US2014/213581; (2014); A1;,
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem