Pyrazines

Calculation of electronic spectra of azabenzenes and azanaphthalenes by the Pariser-Parr-Pople method was written by Favini, Giorgio;Vandoni, Ida;Simonetta, Massimo. And the article was included in Theoretica Chimica Acta in 1965.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

The semiempirical treatments of Pariser and Parr and of Pople were used to calculate transition energies and intensities of the 锜?锜?sup>* bands in the electronic spectra of 31 azines (azabenzenes and azanaphthalenes). A comparison with exptl. data and a discussion of the wave functions for the ground and excited states are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Recommanded Product: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. A number of pyrazine-based derivatives were used as dyes or fluorescent probes.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis of pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazines and study of their antitumor activity was written by Postovskii, I. Ya.;Charushin, V. N.;Mokrushina, G. A.;Kotovskaya, S. K.;Barybin, A. S.;Chupakhin, O. N.;Chernyshev, A. I.. And the article was included in Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal in 1982.Reference of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Cyclocondensation of I (R = Me₂N, morpholino, piperidino) with glyoxal gave 50-60% II which were quaternized with MeI to give 60-64% III. II (R = Me₂N) and III (R = Me₂N) inhibited sarcoma 37 in mice 50-55% at 50-100 娓璯/kg dosage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Reference of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Reference of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Modular Establishment of a Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Polymer Library via Pd-Catalyzed Direct C-H (Hetero)arylation: a Highly Efficient Approach to Discover Low-Bandgap Polymers was written by Guo, Qiang;Dong, Jiaxing;Wan, Danyang;Wu, Di;You, Jingsong. And the article was included in Macromolecular Rapid Communications in 2013.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:

A concise, highly efficient palladium-catalyzed direct C-H (hetero)arylation is developed to modularly assemble a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DTDPP)-based polymer library to screen low-bandgap and near-IR (NIR) absorbing materials. The copolymers of 2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-bis(thieny-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (I) with 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (II) or 5,8-dibromoquinoxaline (III) having an alternating donor-acceptor-donor-acceptor (D-A-D-A) sequence and the 2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-bis(5-bromothieny-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione homopolymer (IV) exhibit planarity and excellent 锜?conjugation, which lead to low bandgaps (down to 1.22 eV) as well as strong and broad NIR absorption bands (up to 1000 nm). The copolymers of I with 2,7-dibromo-N-(2-octyldodecyl)carbazole (V), 3,6-dibromo-N-octylcarbazole, 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene (VI), 4,4′-dibromostilbene, 4,4′-dibromo-1,1′-biphenyl, 1,4-dibromo-2,5-dioctyloxybenzene (VII), 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9,9-dioctylfluorene, or 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-N-(2-octyldodecyl)carbazole showed a highly distorted conformation. The HOMO and LUMO were delocalized over the entire conjugated backbones of I–II copolymer, I–III copolymer, and IV in comparison with localized lobes mainly on the acceptor units of the backbones of I–V, I–VI, and I–VII copolymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Novel homo-bivalent and polyvalent compounds based on ligustrazine and heterocyclic ring as anticancer agents was written by Wang, Jiawen;Hong, Ge;Li, Guoliang;Wang, Wenzhi;Liu, Tianjun. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Related Products of 75907-74-3 This article mentions the following:

Bivalent and polyvalent inhibitors can be used as antitumor agents. In this experiment, eight ligustrazine dimers and seven ligustrazine tetramers linked by alkane diamine with different lengths of carbon chain lengths were synthesized. After screening their antiproliferation activities against five cancer cell lines, most ligustrazine derivatives showed better cytotoxicity than the ligustrazine monomer. In particular, ligustrazine dimer 8e linked with decane-1,10-diamine exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in FaDu cells with an IC50 (50% inhibiting concentration) value of 1.36 nM. Further mechanism studies suggested that 8e could induce apoptosis of FaDu cells through the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and S-phase cell cycle arrest. Inspired by these results, twenty-seven addnl. small mol. heterocyclic dimers linked with decane-1,10-diamine and nine cinnamic acid dimers bearing ether chain were synthesized and screened. Most monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic systems showed highly selective anti-proliferation activity to FaDu cells and low toxicity to normal MCF 10A cells. The structure-activity relationship revealed that the two terminal amide bonds and the alkyl linker with a chain length of 8-12 carbon were two important factors to maintain its antitumor activity. In addition, the ADMET calculation predicted that most of the potent compounds had good oral bioavailability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3Related Products of 75907-74-3).

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are part of several biologically active polycyclic compounds; examples are quinoxalines, phenazines; and the bio-luminescent natural products pteridines, flavins, and their derivatives. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Related Products of 75907-74-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

A study of solvent effects on the phosphorescence properties of flavins was written by Brunk, G. R.;Martin, K. A.;Nishimura, A. M.. And the article was included in Biophysical Journal in 1976.SDS of cas: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

A combination of zero-field triplet-state techniques was used to study the excited electronic states of a series of flavin and flavin related mols. both in single crystals and glass matrixes. Particular attention was given to the effects of solvent interaction on the triplet-state properties of the flavin mols. The total phosphorescence decay rate constants at 1.4 K are reported for the flavin mols. in polar and nonpolar solvents. The rate constants were correlated to the degree of solvent interaction. Results indicated possible complex formation between the isoalloxazine and adenine groups in FAD. The results and possible interpretation on the flavoenzyme, L-amino acid oxidase, are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3SDS of cas: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.SDS of cas: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Estimation of electron affinity based on structure activity relationships was written by Hilal, S. H.;Carreira, L. A.;Karickhoff, S. W.;Melton, C. M.. And the article was included in Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in 1993.Related Products of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Electron affinity for a wide range of organic mols. was calculated from mol. structure using the chem. reactivity models developed in SPARC. These models are based on fundamental chem. structure theory applied to the prediction of chem. reactivities for organic mols. strictly from mol. structure. The energy differences between the LUMO state and the HOMO state for a mol. of interest are factored into mechanistic components including the field, sigma induction and resonance contributions to these energy differences. The RMS deviation between observed and calculated electron affinities was found to be less than 0.14 e.v. for a large set of organic mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Related Products of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine has the elements of symmetry for the point group D2h. It has three mutually perpendicular two-fold axes. It also has three mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry. As a result, pyrazine also has a centre of symmetry. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Related Products of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis of anhydro-3-mercapto-5-pyrazinyl-1,2,4-triazolium hydroxides was written by Shutske, Gregory M.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1981.HPLC of Formula: 1458-01-1 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of some novel anhydro-3-mercapto-5-pyrazinyl-1,2,4-triazolium hydroxides (I; R = H, NH₂, NHAc; R¹ = H, NH₂; R² = Et, H, Cl; R³ = alkyl, aryl, etc.) is described. The appropriate 1-methylhydrazides II (R⁴ = Me, R⁵ = H) were condensed with R³NCS to give the thiosemicarbazides III which were cyclized to I under mildly basic conditions. A few 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones IV were synthesized for comparison, starting with the 2-methylhdrazides (II; R⁴ = H, R⁵ = Me) and then carrying out analogous synthetic transformations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1HPLC of Formula: 1458-01-1).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. Substituted pyrazines have been found as subunits of multiple synthetically constructed therapeutic agents, as well as several natural products.HPLC of Formula: 1458-01-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

New donor-functionalized Cp ligands: Synthesis and complexation behaviour of quinoxalyl and benzothiadiazolyl systems was written by Schuhen, Katrin;Sieb, David;Wadepohl, Hubert;Enders, Markus. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie in 2009.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Sodium cyclopentadienide reacts as nucleophile with 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTZ) and leads to the new donor-functionalized ligand Cp^BTZ. Related quinoxalyl Cp systems have been prepared using Pd-catalyzed coupling with zincated Cp-metal complexes. The new ligands comprise two N-donor atoms; one of them is located in a distal position relative to the metal center so that it cannot coordinate in a chelating manner. With Cp^BTZ ligand derivatives several metal complexes have been synthesized. The new chromium(III) complex Cp^BTZCrCl₂ (12) becomes upon activation an active catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. Relying on DFT calculations and anal. of spin-d. distribution combined with paramagnetic NMR data a chelating coordination of the Cp^BTZ ligand is feasible in 12. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine has the elements of symmetry for the point group D2h. It has three mutually perpendicular two-fold axes. It also has three mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry. As a result, pyrazine also has a centre of symmetry. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Azanaphthalenes. I. Hueckel orbital calculations was written by Wait, S. C. Jr.;Wesley, John W.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy in 1966.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Energy levels, wave functions, and charge ds. are reported for 74 azanaphthalenes. Calculations were performed by using the Hueckel method. Comparison of the lowest singlet-singlet transition with that calculated by the Pariser-Parr method is given for 21 compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Recommanded Product: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are part of several biologically active polycyclic compounds; examples are quinoxalines, phenazines; and the bio-luminescent natural products pteridines, flavins, and their derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Pyrazoles. 6. Synthesis of novel heteroaryl 4-pyrazolyl ketones was written by Hahn, Marianne;Heinisch, gottfried;Holzer, Wolfgang;Schwarz, Helga. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1991.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Pyrazolyl ketones I (R = 2-, 3-, 4-pyridinyl, 3-, 4-pyridazinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 2-, 3-thienyl, 4-bromo-2-thienyl) were prepared by lithiation and condensation of 4-bromopyrazole with RCO₂Et or with RCHO (R = 2-, 3-thienyl, 4-bromo-2-thienyl) followed by oxidation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem