Category: Pyrazines

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of thrombin inhibitors with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine nucleus was written by Chen, Dongxing;Shi, Jinyu;Chen, Qiufang;Zhang, Rui;Gong, Guoqing;Xu, Yungen;Zhu, Qihua. And the article was included in Gaodeng Xuexiao Huaxue Xuebao in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 75907-74-3 This article mentions the following:

Compound 1, a new thrombin inhibitor with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine nucleus, was selected as lead compound, and fourteen carbamate derivatives derivatives were designed and prepared Furthermore, a twin drug (11) was synthesized by coupling compound 1 with 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine (HTMP). The structures of all the target compounds were confirmed by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and HRMS. Preliminary biol. activity test results indicated that all of the tested compounds exhibited a certain degree of inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, among which compound 4b [IC₅₀ = (0.11鍗?.08) 娓璵ol/L] showed better anti-platelet aggregation activity than dabigatran etexilate [IC₅₀ = (0.60鍗?.05) 娓璵ol/L]. The in vitro exptl. results in rat venous thrombosis model demonstrated compound 4b could significantly reduce thrombosis in a dose-response manner. Compound 11, which showed weak inhibitory effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, also displayed comparable inhibitory effect on rat venous thrombosis with dabigatran etexilate. The study pointed out that the enhanced potency of compound 11 may be the synergetic effect on HTMP and compound 1 which were generated by hydrolysis in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3HPLC of Formula: 75907-74-3).

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. A number of pyrazine-based derivatives were used as dyes or fluorescent probes.HPLC of Formula: 75907-74-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Identification of hydroxymethylpyrazines using mass spectrometry was written by Bohman, Bjoern;Flematti, Gavin R.;Barrow, Russell A.. And the article was included in Journal of Mass Spectrometry in 2015.Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Pyrazines are well-known natural products that are present in bacterial odors and food flavoring agents and are used as insect pheromones. Recently, a number of hydroxymethylpyrazines have been identified as thynnine wasp pheromones and orchid semiochems. that are essential for pollination in sexually deceptive plants. These compounds are present in low amounts in complex blends, making GC-MS (including high-resolution techniques) the method of choice for their structure elucidation. We report the EI mass spectra for 14 representative compounds and have found that based on characteristic fragmentations, it is possible to distinguish between different positional isomers of hydroxymethylpyrazines. The presence or absence of either [M – 17]⁺, [M – 18]^{+璺?/sup> or [M – 19]+ fragment species provides characteristic information to allow the distinction between the different isomers. Considering the importance of pyrazines as a group of bioactive natural products, and the recent findings of biol. activity for hydroxymethylpyrazines, our results presented here will aid the identification of these compounds in other biol. systems. Copyright 婕?2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol).}

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, characterization, and computational modeling of benzodithiophene donor-acceptor semiconducting polymers was written by Sista, Prakash;Hao, Jing;Elkassih, Sussana;Sheina, Elena E.;Biewer, Michael C.;Janesko, Benjamin G.;Stefan, Mihaela C.. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2011.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Donor-acceptor semiconducting polymers containing benzodithiophene with decyl phenylethynyl substituents have been synthesized. D. functional calculations on the polymers’ band gaps and frontier orbitals energies provide reasonable agreement with cyclic voltammetry, photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis absorption measurements. 婕?2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Pyrazoles. 6. Synthesis of novel heteroaryl 4-pyrazolyl ketones was written by Hahn, Marianne;Heinisch, gottfried;Holzer, Wolfgang;Schwarz, Helga. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1991.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Pyrazolyl ketones I (R = 2-, 3-, 4-pyridinyl, 3-, 4-pyridazinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrazinyl, 2-, 3-thienyl, 4-bromo-2-thienyl) were prepared by lithiation and condensation of 4-bromopyrazole with RCO₂Et or with RCHO (R = 2-, 3-thienyl, 4-bromo-2-thienyl) followed by oxidation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Electric Literature of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Azanaphthalenes. I. Hueckel orbital calculations was written by Wait, S. C. Jr.;Wesley, John W.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy in 1966.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

Energy levels, wave functions, and charge ds. are reported for 74 azanaphthalenes. Calculations were performed by using the Hueckel method. Comparison of the lowest singlet-singlet transition with that calculated by the Pariser-Parr method is given for 21 compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Recommanded Product: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are part of several biologically active polycyclic compounds; examples are quinoxalines, phenazines; and the bio-luminescent natural products pteridines, flavins, and their derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Recommanded Product: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Infrared spectra of heterocyclic compounds. VIII. Infrared spectra of substituted pyrazines and their N-oxides was written by Shindo, Hideyo. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1960.Product Details of 6924-68-1 This article mentions the following:

Previous correlations of infrared spectra and structures of pyridine derivatives (loc. cit.) were extended to the pyrazine (I) ring system to determine the effect of the 2nd ring N. The infrared spectra of I, its H₂N (II), Me, Cl (III), Ac (IV), NC (V), HO₂C, EtO₂C (VI), and H₂NOC (VII) derivatives, and their 10 N-oxide derivatives were analyzed. VII dehydrated with POCl₃ and submitted to the Hofmann rearrangement gave, resp., V, b₃₁ 109-10°, and II, m. 117-18°. POCl₃ on the N-oxide of I gave III, b₃₁ 62-3°. Ester condensation of VI, m. 52-3°, gave IV, m. 79-80°. Oxidation of I and its derivatives with perhydrol gave their corresponding N-oxides (VIII) (compound oxidized, m.p. of VIII given): I, mono-oxide m. 108°, di-oxide m. 260°; III, 96°; IV, 184°; V, 153°; VI, 147°; VII, 293°. The characteristic N-O stretching frequencies (strong absorption in the region of 1250 and 1350 cm.^-1) of all these compounds were correlated to the nature of a substituent present, and the linear relation between the N-O frequency and the σ-value of a substituent in substituted pyridine N-oxides could be extended to that in substituted pyrazine N-oxides by applying the σ-value of ring N (0.93) and the N-oxide group (0.25) toward 4-position of pyridine for N-mono- and N,N’-dioxides, resp. The considerably higher frequency shift of the N-O frequency was shown to be characteristic for the Me group at β-position with respect to the N-oxide group. Ring and ring CH vibrations were discussed on the basis of the correlations found in the pyridine ring system. The splitting of the CO stretching frequency of ester group adjacent to ring N was pointed out and discussed. The infrared spectra of pyrimidine N-oxide, its 4-Me, 4,6-(PhS)Me, 4,6(PhO)Me, 4,6-(EtO)Me, 4,6-(MeO)Me, 4,6-(PhCH₃O)Me, 2,6,4-Me₂ (PhCH₂O), and 4-morpholino-6-methyl derivatives were also examined and discussed in comparison with the above results. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Product Details of 6924-68-1).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazinesare six-membered aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds with two nitrogen atoms at 1,4-positions. Pyrazine is a weaker base (pKb = 13.4) than pyridine (pKb = 8.8), pyrimidine (pKb = 12.7). Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Product Details of 6924-68-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

A Palette of Fluorescent Thiophene-Based Ligands for the Identification of Protein Aggregates was written by Shirani, Hamid;Linares, Mathieu;Sigurdson, Christina J.;Lindgren, Mikael;Norman, Patrick;Nilsson, K. Peter R.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2015.Quality Control of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

By replacing the central thiophene unit of an anionic pentameric oligothiophene with other heterocyclic moieties, a palette of pentameric thiophene-based ligands with distinct fluorescent properties were synthesized. All ligands displayed superior selectivity towards recombinant amyloid fibrils as well as disease-associated protein aggregates in tissue sections. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Quality Control of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.Quality Control of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis and protective effect of new ligustrazine-vanillic acid derivatives against CoCl₂-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells was written by Xu, Bing;Xu, Xin;Zhang, Chenze;Zhang, Yuzhong;Wu, GaoRong;Yan, Mengmeng;Jia, Menglu;Xie, Tianxin;Jia, Xiaohui;Wang, Penglong;Lei, Haimin. And the article was included in Chemistry Central Journal in 2017.Category: pyrazines This article mentions the following:

To develop new ligustrazine derivatives with neuroprotective effects, the synthesis of several ligustrazine-vanillic acid amide derivatives I [R = hydroxy, methylamino, 2-aminonaphthyl, etc.] and screened their protective effect on the injured PC12 cells damaged by CoCl₂. The results showed that most of the newly synthesized compounds I exhibited higher activity than ligustrazine, of which, compound I [R = 3-(dimethylamino)anilino] displayed the highest potency with EC₅₀ values of 17.39 ± 1.34 μM. Structure-activity relationships were studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3Category: pyrazines).

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Category: pyrazines

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Multicolor Self-Assembled Fluorene Co-Oligomers: From Molecules to the Solid State via White-Light-Emitting Organogels was written by Abbel, Robert;van der Weegen, Rob;Pisula, Wojciech;Surin, Mathieu;Leclere, Philippe;Lazzaroni, Roberto;Meijer, E. W.;Schenning, Albertus P. H. J.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2009.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Five fluorene-based co-oligomers were prepared and the self-assembly was studied in a wide range of concentrations, from dilute solutions to the solid state. Subtle changes to the chem. structure, introduced to tune the emission colors over the entire visible range, induce strong differences in aggregation. Only two of the fluorescent co-oligomer derivatives self-assemble to form soluble fibrils from which fluorescent organogels emerge at higher concentrations In contrast, the other compounds form precipitates Mixed fluorescent co-oligomer systems exhibit partial energy transfer, which allows the creation of white-light-emitting gels. A mechanism for the hierarchical self-assembly of the fluorene oligomers is proposed based on exptl. results and mol. modeling calculations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Coordination ambivalence and fluxional behavior in mono- and binuclear pentacarbonyltungsten complexes of pteridine and its deaza derivatives was written by Bessenbacher, Christian;Kaim, Wolfgang. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 1989.HPLC of Formula: 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

WL(CO)₅ (L = pteridine (pte), 1,5-naphthyridine, (npt), 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene (tan), 1,4,6-triazanaphthalene) and W₂(CO)₁₀L¹ (L¹ = pt, npt) were prepared Unambiguous identification of coordination sites was only possible by use of high-resolution ¹H NMR because the chem. shifts and spin-spin coupling constants are characteristically affected by W(CO)₅-coordination to neighboring N centers. Fluxional behavior with respect to the peri coordination sites was observed for W(CO)₅(1,4,5-tan) and W(CO)₁₀(pte). Competition between the more basic pyridine or pyrimidine and the better π backdonating pyrazine N centers leads to various positions for the nondegenerate equilibrium between linkage isomers. Cyclic voltammetry and solvent-dependent charge transfer absorption spectra of the complexes reveal low-lying π^* levels which can become populated after chem. or electrochem. reduction, the spin distribution in the centrosym. binuclear complex of 1,5-naphthyridine anion radical was fully characterized using ESR and results from MO calculations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3HPLC of Formula: 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.HPLC of Formula: 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem