Category: Pyrazines

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 591-54-8, is researched, Molecular C4H5N3, about Antioxidative study of polysaccharides extracted from red (Kappaphycus alvarezii), green (Kappaphycus striatus) and brown (Padina gymnospora) marine macroalgae/seaweed, the main research direction is Kappaphycus Padina Gracilaria antioxidant polysaccharide.Application In Synthesis of 4-Aminopyrimidine.

Sterile and fresh tissues of three marine macroalgae red, green and brown (Kappaphycus alvarezii, Kappaphycus striatus and Padina gymnospora) collected from Malaysia east costal seas were compared for the antioxidants and polysaccharide composition of sugars as well as the active components. Results obtained showed that polysaccharides isolated from Kappaphycus alvarezii, Kappaphycus striatus and Padina gymnospora) can be used as a source of natural antioxidant compounds as they possess antioxidant potential in which the Padina gymnospora showed 15.56 ± 0.12 mg/mL to be the best antioxidants among all the polysaccharides studied. The hot water extraction method is effective in isolating polysaccharides from studied seaweeds. The GC-MS anal. revealed that there is presence of chem. compounds such as furfural was 25.53% in Kappaphycus alvarezii and 21.04% in Kappaphycus striatus also Padina gymnospora incorporates n- Hexadecanoic acid about 26.31% in seaweed polysaccharides that contribute to their antioxidant activities. Further studies can be done on determining the seaweed species that are available abundantly with the best source of natural antioxidant compounds

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Zwitterion structure and acylative ring-opening reactions of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, published in 1962, which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, mainly applied to , Related Products of 2150-55-2.

pKA values (pK1 2.03, pK2 8.48), variation of optical rotation with pH and other phys. properties indicate that 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid is a zwitterion in solution and in the solid state anti that pK2 can be ascribed to ionization from the ring nitrogen. Acylation of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid in aqueous medium is accompanied by ring opening. With Ac2O N’, S-diacetyl-N-carbamoylcysteine is obtained and with BzCl S-benzoyl-N-carbamylcysteine and 2-imino-3-benzoylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid are obtained. Structures of the acylated products were proven by chem. methods and by interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance data

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Epoxy compounds usually have stronger nucleophilic ability, because the alkyl group on the oxygen atom makes the bond angle smaller, which makes the lone pair of electrons react more dissimilarly with the electron-deficient system. Compound: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-2-nitro-1H-imidazole, is researched, Molecular C4H4BrN3O2, CAS is 121816-79-3, about Data-Rich Experimentation Enables Palladium-Catalyzed Couplings of Piperidines and Five-Membered (Hetero)aromatic Electrophiles.HPLC of Formula: 121816-79-3.

To circumvent a current limitation in palladium-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling methodol., high-throughput experimentation was used to identify a catalyst capable of fusing piperidine-based nucleophiles with five-membered (hetero)aromatic bromides. A decomposition pathway for the standard electrophile was found, and a base screen was used to identify conditions that suppress this undesired transformation. Building on this, systematic optimization using a Design of Experiments approach delivered mild reaction conditions that were then subsequently applied to a variety of coupling partners.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 2150-55-2, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, about Isolation and genetic improvement of Pseudomonas sp. strain HUT-78, capable of enzymatic production of L-cysteine from DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, the main research direction is cysteine production Pseudomonas fermentation mutagenesis genetic engineering; aminothiazolinecarboxylate hydrolase carbamoylcysteine amidohydrolase Pseudomonas.Reference of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

Microorganisms able to bioconvert DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) into L-cysteine were originally isolated from 10 soil samples with DL-ATC as the sole nitrogen source. Ninety-seven L-cysteine-producing bacterial strains were screened out and obtained in pure culture. Among them, a strain, designated as HUT-78, was selected as the best producer, with a molar bioconversion rate of 60%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence anal., this isolate was placed within the genus Pseudomonas. A novel mutant of this strain with a significantly reduced activity of L-cysteine desulfhydrase, a L-cysteine-decomposing enzyme, was derived by UV-mutagenesis. This mutant, designated as mHUT-78, exhibited a 42% increase in L-cysteine producing activity. Moreover, the bioconversion reactions in both the parent and the mutant strain were significantly accelerated by co-overexpression of the two key enzymes, AtcB and AtcC, involved in the bioconversion reaction.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Simultaneous oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine from L-cysteine with enzyme reactions from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid》. Authors are Kumon, S.; Shirota, T.; Kitahara, T..The article about the compound:2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acidcas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O).COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) is conveyed.

A novel system for oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine (CySSCy) from L-cysteine (CySH) obtained by simultaneous enzyme reaction was studied. L-cysteine was produced from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid (ATC) by enzymes in the same cell grown beforehand. Generally, the processes involving oxidation after enzyme reactions are time consuming and yield small size CySSCy crystals. In the present investigation oxygen was fed simultaneously along with the enzyme reaction in such a way that it was matched both with the production and oxidation rates of CySH yielding CySSCy at an optimum rate, thus minimizing the level of dissolved oxygen which suppresses the activities of the oxygen-sensitive enzymes. As a result, the overall reaction time was reduced and large size CySSCy crystals were obtained, while improving the enzyme reaction yield.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Wu, Peng; Bjoern-Yoshimoto, Walden E.; Staudt, Markus; Jensen, Anders A.; Bunch, Lennart published an article about the compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine( cas:591-54-8,SMILESS:C1=CN=CN=C1N ).HPLC of Formula: 591-54-8. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:591-54-8) through the article.

Screening of a library of 49,087 compounds at the excitatory amino acid transporter subtype 3 (EAAT3) led to the identification of 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine which showed a >20-fold preference for inhibition of EAAT3 (IC50 = 13 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (EAAT1: IC50 ∼ 250 μM; EAAT2,4: IC50 > 250 μM). A small lipophilic substituent (Me or bromine) at the 7- and/or 8-position was essential for activity. Furthermore, the substitution pattern of the o-tolyl group (compound I) and the chem. nature of the substituent in the 2-position of tert-Bu 3-(8-bromo-7-methyl-3-(o-tolylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate are essential for the selectivity toward EAAT3 over EAAT1,2. The most prominent analogs to come out of this study are 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine and 8-Bromo-2-(furan-2-yl)-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine that display ∼35-fold selectivity for EAAT3 (IC50 = 7.2 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (IC50 ∼ 250 μM).

As far as I know, this compound(591-54-8)HPLC of Formula: 591-54-8 can be applied in many ways, which is helpful for the development of experiments. Therefore many people are doing relevant researches.

Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

HPLC of Formula: 2150-55-2. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Progress on enzymatic synthesis of L-cysteine from DL-ATC by Pseudomonas sp.. Author is Wu, Min; Chen, Wei-qing; Wang, Pu; He, Jun-yao.

A review. The microbial transformation method for L-cysteine production shows evident advantages, because of its short cycle time, low cost, high region and stereoselectivity, easy control of reaction condition, and environment-friendly. Recently, studies on the bioconversion of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) to L-cysteine by intracellular enzymes were reported. The research progresses on L-cysteine production by microbial bioconversion, especially Pseudomonas sp., or its crude enzyme extract are summarized. The applications of immobilization technol. in the biotransformation of DL-ATC to L-cysteine are introduced. The genetically engineered bacteria and the study progresses of L-cysteine desulfhydrase were also discussed.

As far as I know, this compound(2150-55-2)HPLC of Formula: 2150-55-2 can be applied in many ways, which is helpful for the development of experiments. Therefore many people are doing relevant researches.

Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Enzymatic production of cystine in commercial plant.

For the enzymic production of cystine in a com. plant, the improvement of reaction process, the purification procedure, and the removal process of hydrogen sulfide were studied. Fed-batch process was adapted to the enzymic reaction and optimized. In the purification process, contaminating Fe ion was excluded from cystine products by adding chelating agent and the co-produced hydrogen sulfide was removed by an oxidation method. An improved process was realized in the industrial plant.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1827-27-6, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, about Pyridyl-urea catalysts for the solvent-free ring-opening polymerization of lactones and trimethylene carbonate, the main research direction is pyridyl urea catalyst ring opening polymerization lactone trimethylene carbonate; solvent free green ring opening polymerization pyridyl urea catalyst.Application of 1827-27-6.

The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones is an effective method for the preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, for which the development of efficient organocatalysts with high activity and good controllability is highly desirable. A series of novel pyridyl-urea catalysts was synthesized and applied in the solvent-free ROP of lactones and trimethylene carbonate. Combined with 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), the pyridyl-urea/MTBD systems showed a fast and living/controlled behavior in the ROP, generating polymers with narrow mol. weight distributions. The influences of catalyst structure, type of base, pyridyl-urea/base ratio, feed ratio of monomer/initiator and reaction temperature on the catalytic properties were investigated. A possible mechanism was proposed on the basis of NMR titration and dilution experiments

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Nagasawa, Toru; Yamada, Hideaki published an article about the compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O ).Related Products of 2150-55-2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) through the article.

A review with 21 references on the microbial conversion of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid  [2150-55-2] to L-cysteine  [52-90-4] and cystine  [56-89-3]; the enzymic synthesis of L-cysteine from β-chloro-L-alanine  [2731-73-9] and Na2S by pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes; and the synthesis of D-cysteine  [921-01-7] by β-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase  [78990-65-5].

As far as I know, this compound(2150-55-2)Related Products of 2150-55-2 can be applied in many ways, which is helpful for the development of experiments. Therefore many people are doing relevant researches.

Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem