Category: Pyrazines

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Determination of 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid》. Authors are Bradham, L. S.; Catsimpoolas, Nicholas; Wood, John L..The article about the compound:2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acidcas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O).Application of 2150-55-2. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) is conveyed.

Procedures are described for determination of 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, using diazotized sulfanilic acid or the mercury-diphenylthiocarbazone reaction. The compound should first be separated from interfering substances such as are found in urine. Paper electrophoresis, ion displacement, or chromatography suffice for this purpose.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Continuous flow as an enabling technology: a fast and versatile entry to functionalized glyoxal derivatives, the main research direction is glyoxal preparation; dichloromethane ester condensation continuous flow; ethyl diethoxyacetate aryl bromide condensation continuous flow; bromochlorobenzene ester condensation continuous flow.Product Details of 118994-89-1.

Two complementary strategies employing organolithium chem. for the synthesis of glyoxal derivatives RC(O)R1R2 (R = methoxymethyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, pyridin-2-yl, quinolin-6-yl, etc.; R1 = Cl, OEt, H; R2 = Cl, OEt, 3-chlorophenyl) were reported. Micro-mixer technol. allows for the generation of unstable organometallic intermediates and their instantaneous in-line quenching with esters as electrophiles RC(O)OEt. Selective mono-addition was observed via putative stabilized tetrahedral intermediates. Advantages offered by flow chem. technologies facilitate direct and efficient access to masked 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds while mitigating undesired byproduct formation. These two approaches enable the production of advanced and valuable synthetic building blocks for heterocyclic chem. with throughputs of grams per min.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid(SMILESS: O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O,cas:2150-55-2) is researched.Product Details of 118994-89-1. The article 《Plasma persistence of 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid in rat system determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry》 in relation to this compound, is published in Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:2150-55-2).

2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) was i.v. injected to rats to investigate its blood plasma distribution. ATCA was extracted from plasma samples by solid phase extraction (SPE) and molecularly imprinted polymer stir bar sorption extraction (MIP-SBSE). Detection and quantification of ATCA were achieved by liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). It was found that the i.v. injected ATCA concentration quickly decreased to half within 2.5 h in the rat system. However, after 2.5 h, the concentration of ATCA in plasma stayed constant at least 5 folds above the endogenous ATCA level for more then 48 h. This finding can be used for evaluating ATCA’s diagnostic and forensic value as a biomarker for cyanide exposure.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Product Details of 118994-89-1. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate, is researched, Molecular C6H7NO3, CAS is 118994-89-1, about Direct arylation of oxazoles at C2. a concise approach to consecutively linked oxazoles. Author is Flegeau, Emmanuel Ferrer; Popkin, Matthew E.; Greaney, Michael F..

The synthesis of bis- and trisoxazoles via direct arylation is discussed. A variety of aryl groups can be installed at the 2-position of 5-aryl and 5-carboxy-substituted oxazoles under mild conditions using palladium catalysis on water. The direct arylation method can be extended to the synthesis of bis- and trisoxazoles if 2-triisopropylsilyl-4-iodooxazole is used as the electrophile in the arylation.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate( cas:118994-89-1 ) is researched.Safety of Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate.Enriquez-Garcia, Alvaro; Ley, Steven V. published the article 《Total synthesis of the potent antifungal agents bengazole C and E》 about this compound( cas:118994-89-1 ) in Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications. Keywords: antifungal bengazole C E total synthesis. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:118994-89-1).

The bengazoles are marine natural products with unique structure, containing two oxazole rings flanking a single carbon. They show very potent antifungal activity. The total syntheses of bengazole C and E are described following a convergent route which involves diastereoselective cycloaddition of an appropriately substituted nitrile oxide with a butane-1,2-diacetal-protected alkenediol as the key step.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Related Products of 2150-55-2. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Metabolic pathways and biotechnological production of L-cysteine. Author is Wada, Masaru; Takagi, Hiroshi.

A review. L-Cysteine is an important amino acid both biol. and com. Although most amino acids are com. produced by fermentation, cysteine is mainly produced by protein hydrolysis. However, synthetic or biotechnol. products have been preferred in the market. Biotechnol. processes for cysteine production, both enzymic and fermentative processes, are discussed. Enzymic process, the asym. hydrolysis of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cysteine, has been developed and industrialized. The L-cysteine biosynthetic pathways of Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, which are used in many amino acid production processes, are also described. These two bacteria have basically same L-cysteine biosynthetic pathways. L-Cysteine-degrading enzymes and L-cysteine-exporting proteins both in E. coli and C. glutamicum are also described. In conclusion, for the effective fermentative production of L-cysteine directly from glucose, the combination of enhancing biosynthetic activity, weakening the degradation pathway, and exploiting the export system seems to be effective.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Tianjin Keji Daxue Xuebao called Optimization of fermentation conditions of microbial enzymatic synthesis of L-cysteine, Author is Kou, Guang-hui; Huai, Li-hua; Bai, Gang; Yang, Wen-bo, which mentions a compound: 2150-55-2, SMILESS is O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, Formula: C4H6N2O2S.

Pseudomonas sp. TS1138 was used as the test strain to produce L-cysteine, and microbial enzymic synthesis of L-cysteine was studied. In the medium optimization, it was found that glucose and urea were the best carbon and nitrogen source for enzyme production, resp. Effect of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) on enzyme production was carried out, and the exptl. result showed that a initial concentration of 5 g/L DL-ATC was found to be optimal for enzyme production Effects of inoculum size, initial pH and liquid volume on enzyme production were investigated. The results indicated that the optimum inoculum size was 10%, and the optimum initial pH was 8.0. The optimum liquid volume was 40 mL culture medium in a 500 mL shaking flask.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 2150-55-2, is researched, SMILESS is O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O, Molecular C4H6N2O2SJournal, Shipin Kexue (Beijing, China) called Effect of dissolved oxygen on production of L-cysteine synthetase by Pseudomonas sp. TS1138, Author is Huai, Lihua; Chen, Ning, the main research direction is dissolved oxygen cysteine synthetase Pseudomonas fermentation.Name: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

Pseudomonas sp. TS1138 has potential to produce L-cysteine synthetase through asym. hydrolysis of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC). The effect of dissolved oxygen level on the production of L-cysteine synthetase was investigated in shake flasks or 7 L bioreactor. The results indicated that the cell growth and the production of L-cysteine synthetase were inhibited at low dissolved oxygen level. Although cell growth was improved at the high dissolved oxygen level, the inhibition against production of L-cysteine synthetase was still observed in shake flasks. In 7 L bioreactor, dissolved oxygen concentration controlled at more than 30% was helpful for improving the cell growth and the production of L-cysteine synthetase through regulating agitation rate and air flow rate during the middle and late stage.

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So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Sano, Konosuke; Yokozeki, Kenzo; Tamura, Fumihide; Yasuda, Naohiko; Noda, Ichiro; Mitsugi, Koji researched the compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2 ).Category: pyrazines.They published the article 《Microbial conversion of DL-2-amino-Δ-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid to L-cysteine and L-cystine: screening of microorganisms and identification of products》 about this compound( cas:2150-55-2 ) in Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Keywords: cysteine aminothiazolinecarboxylate bacteria; Pseudomonas aminothiazolinecarboxylate hydrolysis; stereochem hydrolysis cysteine production Pseudomonas. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:2150-55-2).

Microorganisms able to form L-cysteine from DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC), an intermediate in the chem. synthesis of DL-cysteine, were isolated from soil samples and classified as Pseudomonas AJ3854, Pseudomonas cohaerens, P. desmolytica, and P. ovalis. Thirteen L-cysteine-producing bacteria were also found among 463 stock cultures representing 37 genera. Intact cells of Pseudomonas AJ 3854 produced 6.1 mg of L-cysteine and(or) L-cystine per mL from 10 mg of DL-ATC.3H2O per mL, a molar yield of 100%. This suggests that racemization and asym. hydrolysis occurred simultaneously in this incubation mixture After complete oxidation of cysteine, crystalline cystine was isolated; its configuration was L, based on data from x-ray diffraction, microbioassay, and optical rotation.

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Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
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The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Ethyl oxazole-5-carboxylate( cas:118994-89-1 ) is researched.Formula: C6H7NO3.Sagud, Ivana; Bozic, Simona; Marinic, Zeljko; Sindler-Kulyk, Marija published the article 《Photochemical approach to functionalized benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octene structures via fused oxazoline derivatives from 4- and 5-(o-vinylstyryl)oxazoles》 about this compound( cas:118994-89-1 ) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. Keywords: benzobicyclooctenone preparation; fused oxazoline benzobicyclooctadiene preparation ring opening; cis trans vinylstyryl oxazole preparation intramol photocycloaddition diastereoselective; bicyclo[3.2.1]octane; intramolecular photocycloaddition; oxazole; styryl; vinyl. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:118994-89-1).

A new photochem. approach for the preparation of functionalized benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octenones was described via fused oxazoline derivatives prepared from 4- and 5-(2-vinylstyryl)oxazoles. Novel cis/trans 4- and 5-(2-vinylstyryl)oxazoles were synthesized by Wittig reactions of o-xylelenebis(triphenylphosphoniumbromide) and formaldehyde with 4- and 5-oxazolecarbaldehydes resp. Trans-5-(2-vinylstyryl)oxazole was also prepared by the van Leusen reaction of trans-3-(2-vinylphenyl)acrylaldehyde which was prepared from o-vinylbenzaldehyde and (formylmethylene)triphenylphosphorane. The photochem. intramol. cycloaddition of cis/trans isomers of 4- and 5-(2-vinylstyryl)oxazoles afforded diverse fused oxazoline-benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes I [stereo = R or S] and II which were relatively unstable. These fused oxazoline-benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes underwent oxazoline ring opening spontaneously or on silica gel followed by formation of benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octenone derivatives III [X = O, stereo = R or S; X = NH, stereo = S]. Small quantity of electrocyclization product 4-(1,2-Dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)oxazole was also isolated along with desired photocycloaddition products on irradiation of 4-(2-vinylstyryl)oxazole.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem