Category: Pyrazines

Arndt, Daniel; Wachsmuth, Christian; Buchholz, Christoph; Bentley, Mark published the artcile< A complex matrix characterization approach, applied to cigarette smoke, that integrates multiple analytical methods and compound identification strategies for non-targeted liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry>, Quality Control of 2873-36-1, the main research area is cigarette smoke composition high resolution accurate mass spectrometry.

Rationale : For the characterization of the chem. composition of complex matrixes such as tobacco smoke, containing more than 6000 constituents, several anal. approaches have to be combined to increase compound coverage across the chem. space. Furthermore, the identification of unknown mols. requiring the implementation of addnl. confirmatory tools in the absence of reference standards, such as tandem mass spectrometry spectra comparisons and in silico prediction of mass spectra, is a major bottleneck. Methods : We applied a combination of four chromatog./ionization techniques (reversed-phase (RP) – heated electrospray ionization (HESI) in both pos. (+) and neg. (-) modes, RP – atm. pressure chem. ionization (APCI) in pos. mode, and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. (HILIC) – HESI pos.) using a Thermo Q Exactive® liquid chromatog./high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (LC/HRAM-MS) platform for the anal. of 3R4F-derived smoke. Compound identification was performed by using mass spectral libraries and in silico predicted fragments from multiple integrated databases. Results : A total of 331 compounds with semi-quant. estimates ≥100 ng per cigarette were identified, which were distributed within the known chem. space of tobacco smoke. The integration of multiple LC/HRAM-MS-based chromatog./ionization approaches combined with complementary compound identification strategies was key for maximizing the number of amenable compounds and for strengthening the level of identification confidence. A total of 50 novel compounds were identified as being present in tobacco smoke. In the absence of reference MS2 spectra, in silico MS2 spectra prediction gave a good indication for compound class and was used as an addnl. confirmatory tool for our integrated non-targeted screening (NTS) approach. Conclusions : This study presents a powerful chem. characterization approach that has been successfully applied for the identification of novel compounds in cigarette smoke. We believe that this innovative approach has general applicability and a huge potential benefit for the anal. of any complex matrixes.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry published new progress about Composition. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Quality Control of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Yang, Bo; Yang, Zhong-Duo; Li, Xiao-Fei; Shu, Zong-Mei published the artcile< Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungi Talaromyces wortmannii Cultivated in Maize Medium and their Bioactivity>, Synthetic Route of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Talaromyces sitosterol deacetylisowortmin aspergillumarin.

In this paper, we described the isolation and identification of eight compounds (1-8) from an endophytic fungus LGT-4 (identified as Talaromyces wortmannii) of Tripterygium wilfordii. The fungal strain (LGT-4) was isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii and identified as Talaromyces wortmannii based on both morphol. on PDA and anal. of the DNA sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rRNA gene region. A GenBank search for DNA sequence (GenBank Accession Number KF850714) similarity revealed that ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 of LGT-4 was 99% homologous to that of Talaromyces wortmannii reference strains (GenBank Accession Numbers FR667650.1 and JN807336.1). The strain Lgt-4 was cultivated in maize medium (100 mL × 80 Erlenmeyer flask) for 40 days at 28°C in a constant temperature oscillation incubator. The culture was extracted with EtOAc (8 L) to afford the crude extract (26 g), which was subjected to column chromatog. using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI-CHP20P gel, and HPLC, etc. A total of eight compounds was isolated and identified based on NMR spectra. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of the 4, 5, and 7 from Talaromyces wortmannii

Chemistry of Natural Compounds published new progress about Bioactive amplification with probing assay. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Synthetic Route of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Tunes, Luiza Guimaraes; Goncalves, Vivian Nicolau; Bueno, Daniela Nabak; Zani, Carlos Leomar; Rosa, Luiz Henrique; Cota, Betania Barros published the artcile< Diketopiperazine alkaloids produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity>, Product Details of C11H18N2O2, the main research area is Penicillium citrinum antileishmanial endophytic fungus diketopiperazine alkaloid.

Chromatog. fractionation of the antileishmanial extract obtained from fermentation of the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum, isolated from leaves of Ageratum myriadenia, yielded three diketopiperazine alkaloids; cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Phe) (2) and tryprostatin B (3). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with the literature. Compounds 1 and 2 were active against both amastigote-like forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and intracelular amastigotes of L. (Leishmania) infantum with approx. 50% of parasite growth inhibition at 100μM. None of the compounds were considered toxic against human leukemia monocyte cell line (THP-1) at 100μM. It is the first report about isolation of these diketopiperazines from P. citrinum and their antileishmanial potential against L. (L.) infantum.

African Journal of Microbiology Research published new progress about Alkaloids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Product Details of C11H18N2O2.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Senturk, Melih; Ercan, Fahriye; Yalcin, Serap published the artcile< The secondary metabolites produced by Lactobacillus plantarum downregulate BCL-2 and BUFFY genes on breast cancer cell line and model organism Drosophila melanogaster: molecular docking approach>, Synthetic Route of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Lactobacillus Drosophila breast cancer secondary metabolite mol docking; Apoptosis; Drosophila melanogaster; Gene expression; Lactobacillus plantarum; MCF-7; Molecular docking.

The current study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of the secondary metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum against the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and the Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, toxicity analyses of secondary metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum were analyzed on breast cancer cells, and the Drosophila melanogaster. After application, in the MCF-7 cell line, expression levels of RRAS-2, TP53, BCL-2, APAF-1, CASP-3, FADD, CASP-7, BOK genes; in D. melanogaster; expression levels of RAS64B P53, BUFFY, DARK, DECAY, FADD, DRICE, and DEBCL genes were determined by RT-PCR. In addition, anal. of L. plantarum secondary metabolite was performed by GC-MS method and mol. binding poses of secondary metabolites and human enzymes were investigated in silico. Drosophila melanogaster being used as a model organism where some of the human genes were preserved. The IC50 value of the secondary metabolite in the MCF-7 cell line was determined to be 0.0011 mg/mL. Lethal concentration 50 (LC50) and 99 (LC99) values of secondary metabolites against fruit fly adults were 0.24 mg/mL and 0.54 mg/mL, resp. The substance detected in the secondary metabolite content and encoded as L13 (3-phenyl-1, 2, 4-benzotriazine) has been observed to have high binding affinity in the studied genes.

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (DARK). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Synthetic Route of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Mosrin, Marc; Knochel, Paul published the artcile< TMPZnCl·LiCl: A New Active Selective Base for the Directed Zincation of Sensitive Aromatics and Heteroaromatics>, Electric Literature of 136866-30-3, the main research area is tetramethylpiperidide zinc chloride reagent selective zincation aromatic heteroaromatic substrate; aryl heteroaryl zinc intermediate preparation coupling electrophile aryl allyl.

A wide range of polyfunctional aryl and heteroaryl Zn reagents were efficiently prepared in THF via direct zincation using TMPZnCl·LiCl (TMP = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide), a new exceptionally mild and efficient base. Activated arenes and heteroarenes are metalated at room temperature Remarkably, sensitive functions such as an aldehyde as well as a nitro group are tolerated, expanding significantly the scope of directed metalations.

Organic Letters published new progress about Aldehydes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent) (aryl and heteroaryl). 136866-30-3 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C4HCl2IN2, Electric Literature of 136866-30-3.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Zhang, Fengyu; Li, Bichen; Wen, Ying; Liu, Yanyang; Liu, Rong; Liu, Jing; Liu, Shao; Jiang, Yueping published the artcile< An integrated strategy for the comprehensive profiling of the chemical constituents of Aspongopus chinensis using UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with molecular networking>, Reference of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Aspongopus phytochemical UPLCQTOF MS molecular networking; Dereplication; cluster of nodes; mass spectrometry data; self-built database; targeted and untargeted strategy; traditional insect medicine.

ContextThe extracts of Aspongopus chinensis Dallas (Pentatomidae), an insect used in traditional Chinese medicine, have a complex chem. composition and possess multiple pharmacol. activities. ObjectiveThis study comprehensively characterizes the chem. constituents of A. chinensis by an integrated targeted and untargeted strategy using UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with mol. networking. Materials and methodsThe ultra-performance liquid chromatog.-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) combined with mol. networking-based dereplication was proposed to facilitate the identification of the chem. constituents of aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. chinensis. The overall strategy was designed to avoid the inefficiency and costliness of traditional techniques. The targeted compounds discovered in the A. chinensis extracts were identified by searching a self-built database, including fragment ions, precursor ion mass, and other structural information. The untargeted compounds were identified by analyzing the relationship between different categories, fragmentation pathways, mass spectrometry data, and the structure of the same cluster of nodes within the mol. network. The untargeted strategy was verified using com. standard samples under the same mass spectrometry conditions. ResultsThe proposed integrated targeted and untargeted strategy was successfully applied to the comprehensive profiling of the chem. constituents of aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. chinensis. A total of 124 compounds such as fatty acids, nucleosides, amino acids, and peptides, including 74 compounds that were reported for the first time, were identified in this study. ConclusionsThe integrated strategy using LC tandem HRMS combined with mol. networking could be popularised for the comprehensive profiling of chem. constituents of other traditional insect medicines.

Pharmaceutical Biology (Abingdon, United Kingdom) published new progress about Aspongopus chinensis. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Reference of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Fangfang; Lu, Shengsheng; Xie, Xi; Fan, Sheng; Chen, Daiwei; Wu, Shaohua; He, Jian published the artcile< Antiviral properties of extracts of Streptomyces sp. SMU 03 isolated from the feces of Elephas maximus>, Reference of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Elephas Streptomyces antiviral dichloromethane extract; Anti-influenza A virus activity; Dichloromethane extracts (DCME); Elephas maximus; Membrane fusion inhibitor; Streptomyces sp. SMU03.

Actinobacteria are historically and continued to be an important source for drug discovery. The annual epidemics and periodic pandemics of humans induced by influenza A virus (IAV) prompted us to develop new effective antiviral drugs with different modes of action. An actinobacterium of Streptomyces sp. SMU 03 was identified from the feces of Elephas maximus in Yunnan Province, China. By employing an H5N1 pseudo-typed virus drug screening system, the anti-IAV effect of the dichloromethane extracts (DCME) of this bacterium was investigated. DCME showed broad and potent activities against several influenza viruses, including the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes and influenza B virus, with IC50 values ranging from 0.37 ± 0.22 to 14.44 ± 0.79 μg/mL. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-IAV activity test of DCME showed that compared with the no-drug treated group, the survival rates, appearances, weights, lung indexes and histopathol. changes were all significantly alleviated. Based on these results, the chem. constituent study of DCME was then investigated, from which a number of antiviral compounds with various structural skeletons have been isolated and identified. Overall, these data indicated that the DCME from Streptomyces sp. SMU 03 might represent a good source for antiviral compounds that can be developed as potential antivirus remedies.

Fitoterapia published new progress about Antiviral agents. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Reference of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Stepien, Magdalena; Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka; Kiss, Agneta; Robinot, Nivonirina; Duarte-Salles, Talita; Murphy, Neil; Perlemuter, Gabriel; Viallon, Vivian; Tjoenneland, Anne; Rostgaard-Hansen, Agnetha Linn; Dahm, Christina C.; Overvad, Kim; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Mancini, Francesca Romana; Mahamat-Saleh, Yahya; Aleksandrova, Krasimira; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kuehn, Tilman; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Karakatsani, Anna; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Palli, Domenico; Tagliabue, Giovanna; Naccarati, Alessio; Vermeulen, Roel C. H.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Skeie, Guri; Ramon Quiros, Jose; Ardanaz, Eva; Mokoroa, Olatz; Sala, Nuria; Sanchez, Maria-Jose; Huerta, Jose Maria; Winkvist, Anna; Harlid, Sophia; Ohlsson, Bodil; Sjoeberg, Klas; Schmidt, Julie A.; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Ferrari, Pietro; Rothwell, Joseph A.; Gunter, Marc; Riboli, Elio; Scalbert, Augustin; Jenab, Mazda published the artcile< Metabolic perturbations prior to hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis: Findings from a prospective observational cohort study>, Recommanded Product: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, the main research area is metabolic perturbation hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; prospective observational cohort; untargeted metabolomics.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development entails changes in liver metabolism Current knowledge on metabolic perturbations in HCC is derived mostly from case-control designs, with sparse information from prospective cohorts. Our objective was to apply comprehensive metabolite profiling to detect metabolites whose serum concentrations are associated with HCC development, using biol. samples from within the prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (>520 000 participants), where we identified 129 HCC cases matched 1:1 to controls. We conducted high-resolution untargeted liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics on serum samples collected at recruitment prior to cancer diagnosis. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was applied controlling for dietary habits, alc. consumption, smoking, body size, hepatitis infection and liver dysfunction. Corrections for multiple comparisons were applied. Of 9206 mol. features detected, 220 discriminated HCC cases from controls. Detailed feature annotation revealed 92 metabolites associated with HCC risk, of which 14 were unambiguously identified using pure reference standards Pos. HCC-risk associations were observed for N1-acetylspermidine, isatin, p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid, tyrosine, sphingosine, L,L-cyclo(leucylprolyl), glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycocholic acid and 7-methylguanine. Inverse risk associations were observed for retinol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, glycerophosphocholine, γ-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman and creatine. Discernible differences for these metabolites were observed between cases and controls up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. Our observations highlight the diversity of metabolic perturbations involved in HCC development and replicate previous observations (metabolism of bile acids, amino acids and phospholipids) made in Asian and Scandinavian populations. These findings emphasize the role of metabolic pathways associated with steroid metabolism and immunity and specific dietary and environmental exposures in HCC development.

International Journal of Cancer published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Recommanded Product: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Zhou, Peng; Yan, Shan; Lu, Yuanyuan; Li, Xiao-Nian; Zhang, Mi; Li, Qin; Chen, Xia; Wang, Jianping; Zhu, Hucheng; Chen, Chunmei; Zhang, Yonghui published the artcile< Five new secondary metabolites from the fungus Phomopsis asparagi>, Application of C11H18N2O2, the main research area is analysis secondary metabolite Phomopsis spectroscopy Xray crystallog; A-glucosidase inhibition; Diketopiperazine; Diphenylcyclopentenone; Phomopsis asparagi.

Five new compounds, including a pair of diphenylcyclopentenone enantiomers (±)-phomopsisin A (1), a sesquiterpenoid 15-hydroxylithocarin A (2), a new diketopiperazine alkaloid prenylcyclotryprostatin A (3) and 7-hydroxy-cis-L(-)-3,6-dibenzyl-2,5-dioxopiperazine (6), along with five known compounds were isolated from the fungus Phomopsis asparagi. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (1D and 2D NMR), theor. electronic CD (ECD) calculation, modified Mosher method, and X-ray crystallog. The racemates of (±)-phomopsisin A showed inhibition on α-glucosidase with IC50 of 30.07 ± 0.75 μM (pos. control acarbose, 121 ± 2.7 μM).

Fitoterapia published new progress about Circular dichroism. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Application of C11H18N2O2.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Johnson, Shelby L.; Lu, Yu; Ma, Hang; Seeram, Navindra P.; Yuan, Tao published the artcile< Compounds from Mucuna pruriens Seeds and their Neuroprotective Effects>, SDS of cas: 2873-36-1, the main research area is Mucuna seed neuroprotective effect.

Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., belonging to the family Fabaceae and commonly known as Mucuna or velvet bean, is a medicinal plant that in nature contains levodopa. The seeds of this medicinal plant have been used traditionally to treat brain disorders associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the Indian traditional system of medicine Ayurveda. His study reports the isolation and identification of eight compounds from M. pruriens Et acetate seed extract

Chemistry of Natural Compounds published new progress about Homo sapiens. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, SDS of cas: 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem