Category: 55779-48-1

Jaiswal, Poonam B.; Tung, Jack K.; Gross, Robert E.; English, Arthur W. published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Motoneuron activity is required for enhancements in functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury in exercised female mice.Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one And the article contains the following content:

Inhibitory luminopsins (iLMO2) integrate opto- and chemo-genetic approaches and allow for cell-type specific inhibition of neuronal activity. When exposed to a Renilla luciferase substrate, Coelenterazine (CTZ), iLMO2 generates bioluminescence-mediated activation of its amino-terminal halorhodopsin, resulting in neuronal inhibition. Moderate daily exercise in the form of interval treadmill-training (IT) applied following a peripheral nerve injury results in enhanced motor axon regeneration and muscle fiber reinnervation in female mice. We hypothesized that iLMO2 mediated inhibition of motoneuron activity during IT would block this enhancement. Unilateral i.m. injections of Cre-dependent AAV2/9-EF1a-DIO-iLMO2 (∼8.5 x 1013 vg/mL) were made into the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles of young female ChAT-IRES-Cre mice, thereby limiting iLMO2 expression specifically to their motoneurons. Four to six weeks were allowed for retrograde viral transduction after which a unilateral sciatic nerve transection (Tx) and repair was performed. Animals were randomized into four groups: IT only, IT + CTZ, CTZ only, and untreated (UT). Three weeks post Tx-repair, the maximal amplitude direct muscle responses (M-max) in both muscles in the IT only group were significantly greater than in UT mice, consistent with the enhancing effects of this exercise regimen. Inhibiting motoneuron activity during exercise by a single injection of CTZ, administered 30 min prior to exercise, completely blocked the enhancing effect of exercise. Similar treatments with CTZ in mice without iLMO2 had no effect on regeneration. Neuronal activity is required for successful enhancement of motor axon regeneration by exercise. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to exercise nerve injury female, rrid:cvcl_0045, rrid:mgi:3689725, inhibitory luminopsin, m-response, motoneuron activity, sciatic nerve injury, treadmill training, Mammalian Pathological Biochemistry: Nervous System and Psychiatric Diseases and other aspects.Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Coutant, Eloi P.; Gagnot, Glwadys; Hervin, Vincent; Baatallah, Racha; Goyard, Sophie; Jacob, Yves; Rose, Thierry; Janin, Yves L. published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Bioluminescence profiling of NanoKAZ/NanoLuc luciferase using a chemical library of coelenterazine analogues.Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one And the article contains the following content:

We describe here an extensive structure-bioluminescence relationship study of a chem. library of analogs of coelenterazine, using nanoKAZ/NanoLuc, a mutated luciferase originated from the catalytic subunit of the deep-sea shrimp Oplophorus gracilirostris. Out of the 135 O-acetylated precursors that were prepared by using our recently reported synthesis and following their hydrolysis to give solutions of the corresponding luciferins, notable bioluminescence improvements were achieved in comparison with furimazine, which is currently amongst the best substrates of nanoKAZ/NanoLuc. For instance, the rather more lipophilic analog 8-(2,3-difluorobenzyl)-2-((5-methylfuran-2-yl)methyl)-6-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one provided a 1.5-fold improvement of the total light output over a 2 h period, a close to threefold increase of the initial signal intensity and a signal-to-background ratio five times greater than furimazine. The kinetic parameters for the enzymic reaction were obtained for a selection of luciferin analogs and provided unexpected insights into the luciferase activity. Most prominently, along with a general substrate-dependent and irreversible inactivation of this enzyme, in the case of the optimized luciferin mentioned above, the consumption of 2664 mols. was found to be required for the detection of a single Relative Light Unit (RLU; a luminometer-dependent fraction of a photon). The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to luciferase nanokaz nanoluc bioluminescence coelenterazine analog library proluciferin hikarazine, enzyme catalysis, heterocycles, luciferins, luminescence, natural products and other aspects.Safety of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On August 1, 2022, Aguinaga Martinez, Maite V.; Jozicova, Natali; Dusek, Jan; Horstkotte, Burkhard; Pavek, Petr; Miro, Manuel; Sklenarova, Hana published an article.Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1 The title of the article was Real-time monitoring of Metridia luciferase release from cells upon interaction with model toxic substances by a fully automatic flow setup – A proof of concept. And the article contained the following:

This manuscript reports on a fully automatic sequential injection system incorporating a 3D printed module for real-time monitoring of the release of Metridia luciferase from a modified liver epithelial cell line. To this end, a simple and effective approach for the automation of flash-type chemiluminescence assays was developed. The 3D printed module comprised an apical and a basal compartment that enabled monitoring membrane processes on both sides of the cell monolayer aimed at elucidating the direction of luciferase release. A natural release was observed after transfection with the luciferase plasmid by online measurement of the elicited light from the reaction of the synthesized luciferase with the coelenterazine substrate. Model substances for acute toxicity from the group of cholic acids – chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids – were applied at the 1.0 and 0.5 mmol L-1 levels. The tested cholic acids caused changes in cell membrane permeability that was accompanied by an increased luciferase release. The obtained kinetic profiles were evaluated based on the delay between the addition of the toxic substance and the increase of the chemiluminescence signal. All experiments were carried out in a fully automatic system in ca. 5 min per sample in 30 min intervals and no manual interventions were needed for a sampling period of at least 6 h. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1

The Article related to metridia luciferase liver epithelial cell toxicity chemiluminescence, 3d-printing, automation, cell toxicity, metridia luciferase, real-time monitoring, sequential injection analysis and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Nguyen, Hieu T. H.; Bouteau, Francois; Mazars, Christian; Kuse, Masaki; Kawano, Tomonori published an article in 2019, the title of the article was Enhanced elevations of hypo-osmotic shock-induced cytosolic and nucleic calcium concentrations in tobacco cells by pretreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide.Category: pyrazines And the article contains the following content:

DMSO (DMSO) is a dipolar aprotic solvent widely used in biol. assays. Here, we observed that DMSO enhanced the hypo-osmotically induced increases in the concentration of Ca2+ in cytosolic and nucleic compartments in the transgenic cell-lines of tobacco (BY-2) expressing aequorin. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Category: pyrazines

The Article related to calcium dimethyl sulfoxide aequorin nicotiana cell suspension cytosol nucleus, cytosolic calcium concentration, dimethyl sulfoxide, hypo-osmotic shock, nucleic calcium concentration and other aspects.Category: pyrazines

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Bakayan, Adil; Picaud, Sandrine; Malikova, Natalia P.; Tricoire, Ludovic; Lambolez, Bertrand; Vysotski, Eugene S.; Peyrieras, Nadine published an article in 2020, the title of the article was RedquorinXS mutants with enhanced calcium sensitivity and bioluminescence output efficiently report cellular and neuronal network activities.Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1 And the article contains the following content:

Considerable efforts have been focused on shifting the wavelength of aequorin Ca2+-dependent blue bioluminescence through fusion with fluorescent proteins. This approach has notably yielded the widely used GFP-aequorin (GA) Ca2+ sensor emitting green light, and tdTomato-aequorin (Redquorin), whose bioluminescence is completely shifted to red, but whose Ca2+ sensitivity is low. In the present study, the screening of aequorin mutants generated at twenty-four amino acid positions in and around EF-hand Ca2+-binding domains resulted in the isolation of six aequorin single or double mutants (AequorinXS) in EF2, EF3, and C-terminal tail, which exhibited markedly higher Ca2+ sensitivity than wild-type aequorin in vitro. The corresponding Redquorin mutants all showed higher Ca2+ sensitivity than wild-type Redquorin, and four of them (RedquorinXS) matched the Ca2+ sensitivity of GA in vitro. RedquorinXS mutants exhibited unaltered thermostability and peak emission wavelengths. Upon stable expression in mammalian cell line, all RedquorinXS mutants reported the activation of the P2Y2 receptor by ATP with higher sensitivity and assay robustness than wt-Redquorin, and one, RedquorinXS-Q159T, outperformed GA. Finally, wide-field bioluminescence imaging in mouse neocortical slices showed that RedquorinXS-Q159T and GA similarly reported neuronal network activities elicited by the removal of extracellular Mg2+. Our results indicate that RedquorinXS-Q159T is a red light-emitting Ca2+ sensor suitable for the monitoring of intracellular signaling in a variety of applications in cells and tissues, and is a promising candidate for the transcranial monitoring of brain activities in living mice. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1

The Article related to redquorinxs mutant calcium sensitivity bioluminescence cellular neuronal network, bret, gpcr assay, aequorin, bioluminescence, calcium sensor, mutagenesis, neuronal network imaging and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On December 1, 2019, Pinto da Silva, Luis; Nunez-Montenegro, Ara; Magalhaes, Carla M.; Ferreira, Paulo J. O.; Duarte, Diana; Gonzalez-Berdullas, Patricia; Rodriguez-Borges, Jose E.; Vale, Nuno; Esteves da Silva, Joaquim C. G. published an article.HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1 The title of the article was Single-molecule chemiluminescent photosensitizer for a self-activating and tumor-selective photodynamic therapy of cancer. And the article contained the following:

While photodynamic therapy is known for significant advantages over conventional cancer therapies, its dependence on light has limited it to treating tumors on or just under the skin or on the outer lining of organs/cavities. Herein, we have developed a single-mol. photosensitizer capable of intracellular self-activation and with potential tumor-selectivity due to a chemiluminescent reaction involving only a cancer marker. Thus, the photosensitizer is directly chemiexcited to a triplet excited state capable of generating singlet oxygen, without requiring either a light source or any catalyst/co-factor. Cytotoxicity assays involving the photosensitizer show significant toxicity toward tumor cells, even better than reference drugs, while not inducing toxicity toward normal cells. This work provides a proof-of-concept for a novel type of photosensitizer that eliminates the current restrictions that photodynamic therapy presents regarding tumor size and localization. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1

The Article related to chemiluminescent photosensitizer cancer pdt photodynamic therapy, breast cancer, cancer, chemiluminescence, coelenterazine, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer, prostate cancer and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Zenchak, Jessica R.; Palmateer, Brandon; Dorka, Nicolai; Brown, Tariq M.; Wagner, Lina-Marie; Medendorp, William E.; Petersen, Eric D.; Prakash, Mansi; Hochgeschwender, Ute published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Bioluminescence-driven optogenetic activation of transplanted neural precursor cells improves motor deficits in a Parkinson′s disease mouse model.SDS of cas: 55779-48-1 And the article contains the following content:

The need to develop efficient therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is urgent, especially given the increasing percentages of the population living longer, with increasing chances of being afflicted with conditions like Parkinson′s disease (PD). A promising curative approach toward PD and other neurodegenerative diseases is the transplantation of stem cells to halt and potentially reverse neuronal degeneration. However, stem cell therapy does not consistently lead to improvement for patients. Using remote stimulation to optogenetically activate transplanted cells, we attempted to improve behavioral outcomes of stem cell transplantation. We generated a neuronal precursor cell line expressing luminopsin 3 (LMO3), a luciferase-channelrhodopsin fusion protein, which responds to the luciferase substrate coelenterazine (CTZ) with emission of blue light that in turn activates the opsin. Neuronal precursor cells were injected bilaterally into the striatum of homozygous aphakia mice, which carry a spontaneous mutation leading to lack of dopaminergic neurons and symptoms of PD. Following transplantation, the cells were stimulated over a period of 10 days by intraventricular injections of CTZ. Mice receiving CTZ demonstrated significantly improved motor skills in a rotarod test compared to mice receiving vehicle. Thus, bioluminescent optogenetic stimulation of transplanted neuronal precursor cells shows promising effects in improving locomotor behavior in the aphakia PD mouse model and encourages further studies to elucidate the mechanisms and long-term outcomes of these beneficial effects. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).SDS of cas: 55779-48-1

The Article related to bioluminescence optogenetic neural precursor cell parkinson disease mouse, pitx3, chemogenetic, embryonic stem cells, luminopsin, multielectrode array, neural differentiation and other aspects.SDS of cas: 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Abe, Masahiro; Nishihara, Ryo; Kim, Sung-Bae; Suzuki, Koji published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Near-infrared bioluminescence imaging of animal cells with through-bond energy transfer cassette.HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1 And the article contains the following content:

A review. Coelenterazine (CTZ) is the most general substrate for marine luciferases. The present protocol introduces a near-IR (NIR) bioluminescence (BL) imaging of mammalian cells with a cyanine-5 (Cy5) dye-conjugated CTZ. This unique Cy5-conjugated CTZ, named Cy5-CTZ, can act as a dual optical readout emitting both fluorescence (FL) and BL. The Cy5-CTZ exerts through-bond energy transfer (TBET)-based imaging modalities for mammalian cells. This novel derivative, Cy5-CTZ, is intrinsically fluorescent and emits NIR-shifted BL when reacting with an appropriate luciferase, such as Renilla luciferase (RLuc). The protocol exemplifies a unique live-cell imaging with Cy5-CTZ that is optically stable in physiol. samples and rapidly permeabilize through plasma membrane and emit NIR-BL in live mammalian cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1

The Article related to review energy transfer cassette bioluminescence imaging, bioluminescence (bl), coelenterazine (ctz), cyanine-5 (cy5), near infrared (nir), through-bond energy transfer (tbet) and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On October 31, 2020, Peltomaa, Riikka; Fikacek, Sabrina; Benito-Pena, Elena; Barderas, Rodrigo; Head, Trajen; Deo, Sapna; Daunert, Sylvia; Moreno-Bondi, Maria C. published an article.Category: pyrazines The title of the article was Bioluminescent detection of zearalenone using recombinant peptidomimetic Gaussia luciferase fusion protein. And the article contained the following:

The development of a bioluminescent immunosensor is reported for the determination of zearalenone (ZEA) based on a peptide mimetic identified by phage display. The peptide mimetic GW, with a peptide sequence GWWGPYGEIELL, was used to create recombinant fusion proteins with the bioluminescent Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) that were directly used as tracers for toxin detection in a competitive immunoassay without the need for secondary antibodies or further labeling. The bioluminescent sensor, based on protein G-coupled magnetic beads for antibody immobilization, enabled determination of ZEA with a detection limit of 4.2 ng mL-1 (corresponding to 420μg kg-1 in food samples) and an IC50 value of 11.0 ng mL-1. The sensor performance was evaluated in spiked maize and wheat samples, with recoveries ranging from 87 to 106% (RSD < 20%, n = 3). Finally, the developed method was applied to the anal. of a naturally contaminated reference matrix material and good agreement with the reported concentrations was obtained. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Category: pyrazines

The Article related to zearalenone recombinant peptidomimetic gaussia luciferase fusion protein bioluminescent detection, bioluminescence, food safety, gaussia luciferase, mycotoxin, zearalenone and other aspects.Category: pyrazines

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On July 31, 2020, Inouye, Satoshi; Sahara-Miura, Yuiko; Nakamura, Mitsuhiro; Hosoya, Takamitsu published an article.Category: pyrazines The title of the article was Expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant apoPholasin. And the article contained the following:

Pholasin is a reactive oxygen-sensitive photoprotein that consists of an apoprotein (apoPholasin) and an unknown chromophore. The preferred human codon-optimized apoPholasin gene was transiently expressed in mammalian cells and apoPholasin was detected using an anti-recombinant apoPholasin antibody. For the first time, we found that apoPholasin secreted into the culture medium could catalyze the oxidation of coelenterazine (CTZ, a luciferin) to produce continuous luminescence. The fusion protein of apoPholasin and glutathione S-transferase (GST-apoPholasin) was successfully expressed as a soluble form in bacterial cells using the cold induction system. The purified GST-apoPholasin also had luminescence activity with CTZ, showing the bioluminescence emission peak at 461 nm, and the resultant product showed purple blue fluorescence under 365 nm light. Unexpectedly, the main oxidation product of CTZ was identified as coelenteramine (CTM), not coelenteramide (CTMD). The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Category: pyrazines

The Article related to apopholasin glutathione transferase coelenterazine reactive oxygen species oxidation, coelenteramide, coelenteramine, dehydrocoelenterazine, photoproteins, reactive oxygen and other aspects.Category: pyrazines

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem