Category: 148231-12-3

Tuning the electrochemical and optical properties of donor-acceptor D-A₂-A₁-A₂-D derivatives with central benzothiadiazole core by changing the A₂ strength was written by Pluczyk-Malek, Sandra;Honisz, Damian;Akkuratov, Alexander;Troshin, Pavel;Lapkowski, Mieczyslaw. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2021.Name: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Two mols. named QXBT and BXBT with donor-acceptor D-A₂-A₁-A₂-D type of structure were synthesized and characterized by electrochem. (Cyclic and Differential Pulse Voltammetry), spectroscopic and spectroelectrochem. (UV-visible-NIR, Fluorescence and ESR) techniques to evaluate the impact of different A₂ acceptors on properties of such compounds with benzothiadiazole as A₁ central core and alkylthiophene donor moieties. In the case of QXBT, the quinoxaline and in the BXBT mol. the benzoxadiazole serves as a A₂ unit. The studies revealed that changing the A₂ allows to tune the conjugation of mols. and affects not only reduction but oxidation process as well. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Name: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Name: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Modular Establishment of a Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Polymer Library via Pd-Catalyzed Direct C-H (Hetero)arylation: a Highly Efficient Approach to Discover Low-Bandgap Polymers was written by Guo, Qiang;Dong, Jiaxing;Wan, Danyang;Wu, Di;You, Jingsong. And the article was included in Macromolecular Rapid Communications in 2013.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:

A concise, highly efficient palladium-catalyzed direct C-H (hetero)arylation is developed to modularly assemble a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DTDPP)-based polymer library to screen low-bandgap and near-IR (NIR) absorbing materials. The copolymers of 2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-bis(thieny-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (I) with 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (II) or 5,8-dibromoquinoxaline (III) having an alternating donor-acceptor-donor-acceptor (D-A-D-A) sequence and the 2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-bis(5-bromothieny-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione homopolymer (IV) exhibit planarity and excellent 锜?conjugation, which lead to low bandgaps (down to 1.22 eV) as well as strong and broad NIR absorption bands (up to 1000 nm). The copolymers of I with 2,7-dibromo-N-(2-octyldodecyl)carbazole (V), 3,6-dibromo-N-octylcarbazole, 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene (VI), 4,4′-dibromostilbene, 4,4′-dibromo-1,1′-biphenyl, 1,4-dibromo-2,5-dioctyloxybenzene (VII), 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-9,9-dioctylfluorene, or 2,7-bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-N-(2-octyldodecyl)carbazole showed a highly distorted conformation. The HOMO and LUMO were delocalized over the entire conjugated backbones of I–II copolymer, I–III copolymer, and IV in comparison with localized lobes mainly on the acceptor units of the backbones of I–V, I–VI, and I–VII copolymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

New donor-functionalized Cp ligands: Synthesis and complexation behaviour of quinoxalyl and benzothiadiazolyl systems was written by Schuhen, Katrin;Sieb, David;Wadepohl, Hubert;Enders, Markus. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie in 2009.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Sodium cyclopentadienide reacts as nucleophile with 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTZ) and leads to the new donor-functionalized ligand Cp^BTZ. Related quinoxalyl Cp systems have been prepared using Pd-catalyzed coupling with zincated Cp-metal complexes. The new ligands comprise two N-donor atoms; one of them is located in a distal position relative to the metal center so that it cannot coordinate in a chelating manner. With Cp^BTZ ligand derivatives several metal complexes have been synthesized. The new chromium(III) complex Cp^BTZCrCl₂ (12) becomes upon activation an active catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. Relying on DFT calculations and anal. of spin-d. distribution combined with paramagnetic NMR data a chelating coordination of the Cp^BTZ ligand is feasible in 12. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine has the elements of symmetry for the point group D2h. It has three mutually perpendicular two-fold axes. It also has three mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry. As a result, pyrazine also has a centre of symmetry. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Recommanded Product: 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, characterization, and computational modeling of benzodithiophene donor-acceptor semiconducting polymers was written by Sista, Prakash;Hao, Jing;Elkassih, Sussana;Sheina, Elena E.;Biewer, Michael C.;Janesko, Benjamin G.;Stefan, Mihaela C.. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2011.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Donor-acceptor semiconducting polymers containing benzodithiophene with decyl phenylethynyl substituents have been synthesized. D. functional calculations on the polymers’ band gaps and frontier orbitals energies provide reasonable agreement with cyclic voltammetry, photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis absorption measurements. 婕?2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis of organosilicon polymers containing donor-acceptor type 锜?conjugated units and their application to dye-sensitized solar cells was written by Ohshita, Joji;Kangai, Sinji;Yoshida, Hiroto;Kunai, Atsutaka;Kajiwara, Shotaro;Ooyama, Yousuke;Harima, Yutaka. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2007.Reference of 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:

Novel organosilicon polymers with donor-acceptor type 锜?conjugated units in the backbone were prepared by Stille coupling reaction of bis(tributylstannylthienyl)silanes with diiodoquinoxaline, benzothiadiazole, and benzoselenadiazole. De-halogenative copolymerization of di(bromothienyl)silanes and dibromoquinoxaline which gave the corresponding random copolymer was also studied. Applications of these polymers to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were examined and the polymer containing benzoselenadiazole units as the acceptor had the best sensitizer performance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Reference of 148231-12-3).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Substituted pyrazines have been found as subunits of multiple synthetically constructed therapeutic agents, as well as several natural products.Reference of 148231-12-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, mechanochromism and acid response of fluorescence dyes based on quinoxalines modified with tetraphenylethlenes was written by Sun, Jingbo;Zhang, Gonghe;Jia, Xiaoyu;Xue, Pengchong;Jia, Junhui;Lu, Ran. And the article was included in Huaxue Xuebao in 2016.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:

Three new D-锜?A type quinoxalines modified with tetraphenylethylenes BTPQ, DBTPQ and BTBQ were synthesized via Suzuki coupling reactions between (4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl)boronic acid and bromo aromatic hydrocarbons. It was found that BTPQ and DBTPQ, in which tetraphenylethylenes were substituted on 5,8-positions of quinoxalines gave the absortion bands at 316 nm and 303 nm, resp., originated from 锜?锜? transition. For BTBQ, in which tetraphenylethylene units were located at 2,3-positions of quinoxaline, the 锜?锜? transition absorption blue-shifted to 287 nm on account of the poor planarity and low conjugation. Meanwhile, the intermol. charge transfer (ICT) emission could be detected for BTPQ and DBTPQ, whose emission bands red-shifted significantly and emission intensities decreased with increasing the solvent polarities. It should be noted that the three compounds exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behaviors. For instance, when the water faction in the THF solution increased to 90%, the emission intensity at ca. 400 nm for BTBQ, was ca. 54 times higher than that in THF. Addnl., trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) could lead to the changes of color and emitting color of BTBQ in solution as well as in solid state due to the formation of protonated quinoxaline. We found that the gray solid of BTBQ could turn into red one upon exposed to gaseous TFA, accompanying with the quench of the emission. Other kinds of acids of HCl, HNO₃ and acetic acid also could lead to the fluorescence quenching of solid BTBQ to some extent. Therefore, BTBQ could be used as sensory material to detect acid vapors by naked eyes. However, the protonation would be prohibited in BTPQ and DBTPQ on account of the steric effect of tetraphenylethylene units linked to 5,8-positions of quinoxaline, so BTPQ and DBTPQ could not detect acid. Interestingly, the solid emitting colors of BTPQ as well as DBTPQ were quite different before and after grinding, exhibiting mechanochromic properties. The as-prepared crystal of BTPQ emitting blue light under UV irradiation could be changed into amorphous powder with bluish green emission. The XRD patterns suggested that the mechanochromism was originated from the transition between the crystalline and amorphous states. Such mechanochromism was reversible under the treatment of grinding and heating/fuming with DCM. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Recommanded Product: 148231-12-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Multifunctional luminescent material based on quinoxaline and triphenylamine groups, polymorphism, mechanochromic luminescence, and applications in high-efficiency fluorescent OLEDs was written by Wen, Zhengjie;Yang, Tingting;Zhang, Di;Wang, Zhengqin;Dong, Shufan;Xu, Huixia;Miao, Yanqin;Zhao, Bo;Wang, Hua. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Multifunctional materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), mechanochromic luminescence and electroluminescent (EL) features in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are demonstrated to be promising applications in many fields. Herein, we present our work on TQT, using quinoxaline as an acceptor and triphenylamine (TPA) as a donor with a D-A-D sym. structure. TQT exhibits high-contrast polymorph-dependent emission, from green to red, and multicolor mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) in aggregate states. Five different crystals (TQT-G = 530 nm, TQT-Y = 575 nm, TQT-Y1 = 584 nm, TQT-O = 593 nm, and TQT-R = 600 nm) were obtained via the slow evaporation of a mixed solution All crystals and powder phases switch to showing emission at 546 nm after grinding. Among them, TQT-G exhibited remarkable H-aggregate behavior, while TQT-Y tends to form a J-aggregate state. TQT-G and TQT-Y1 have similar configurations and packing models but completely different emission characteristics. A doped device with 20 wt% TQT and a non-doped device showed good electroluminescence performance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Electric Literature of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Electric Literature of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Benzodipyrrole-based Donor-Acceptor-type Boron Complexes as Tunable Near-infrared-Absorbing Materials was written by Nakamura, Tomoya;Furukawa, Shunsuke;Nakamura, Eiichi. And the article was included in Chemistry – An Asian Journal in 2016.Safety of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline This article mentions the following:

Benzodipyrrole-based donor-acceptor boron complexes were designed and synthesized as near-IR-absorbing materials. The electron-rich organic framework combined with the Lewis acidic boron co-ordination enabled us to tune the LUMO energy level and the HOMO-LUMO gap (i.e.,the absorption wavelength) by changing the organic acceptor units, the number of boron atoms, and the substituents on the boron atoms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Safety of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, 浼?hydroxyketone, 浼?methyl ketone. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Safety of 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Multicolor Self-Assembled Fluorene Co-Oligomers: From Molecules to the Solid State via White-Light-Emitting Organogels was written by Abbel, Robert;van der Weegen, Rob;Pisula, Wojciech;Surin, Mathieu;Leclere, Philippe;Lazzaroni, Roberto;Meijer, E. W.;Schenning, Albertus P. H. J.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2009.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:

Five fluorene-based co-oligomers were prepared and the self-assembly was studied in a wide range of concentrations, from dilute solutions to the solid state. Subtle changes to the chem. structure, introduced to tune the emission colors over the entire visible range, induce strong differences in aggregation. Only two of the fluorescent co-oligomer derivatives self-assemble to form soluble fibrils from which fluorescent organogels emerge at higher concentrations In contrast, the other compounds form precipitates Mixed fluorescent co-oligomer systems exhibit partial energy transfer, which allows the creation of white-light-emitting gels. A mechanism for the hierarchical self-assembly of the fluorene oligomers is proposed based on exptl. results and mol. modeling calculations In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. Pyrazines undergo nearly all of the same reactions as pyrimidines, from nucleophilic substitution (SNAr) to palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.Synthetic Route of C8H4Br2N2

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Electronic structure of small band gap oligomers based on cyclopentadithiophenes and acceptor units was written by Karsten, Bram P.;Bijleveld, Johannes C.;Viani, Lucas;Cornil, Jerome;Gierschner, Johannes;Janssen, Rene A. J.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry in 2009.Related Products of 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:

A combined exptl. and theor. study was carried out on a series of well-defined small band gap oligomers. The cyclopentadithiophene oligomers were prepared by Suzuki coupling of thiopheneboronic esters and dibromophenylquinoxaline compounds These oligomers comprise two terminal electron-rich cyclopentadithiophene units connected to six different electron deficient aromatic rings that allow tuning the optical band gap from 1.4 to 2.0 eV. The optical absorption of the ground state, triplet excited state, and radical cation was studied. The optical band gap correlates with the electrochem. oxidation and reduction potential and is further supported by quantum-chem. calculations at the d. functional theory (DFT) level. The optical absorption of the radical cations shows only little variations among the different oligomers, suggesting that the charge is mainly localized on the donor moieties. Triplet energy levels are generally low (<1.2 eV) and the singlet-triplet splitting remains significant when going to smaller band gaps. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Related Products of 148231-12-3).

5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging.Related Products of 148231-12-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem