Author: Jessica.F

Floris, Patrick; McGillicuddy, Nicola; Morrissey, Brian; Albrecht, Simone; Kaisermayer, Christian; Hawe, David; Riordan, Lelia; Lindeberg, Anna; Forestell, Sean; Bones, Jonathan published the artcile< A LC-MS/MS platform for the identification of productivity markers in industrial mammalian cell culture media>, Application In Synthesis of 2873-36-1, the main research area is mammalian cell CHO cell.

Cell culture media formulations supplemented with soy hydrolyzates for com. scale manufacturing of therapeutic proteins were characterized by high-resolution LC-MS/MS to identify specific media components that contributed to cellular bioprocess variability. Initial untargeted screening of media formulations resulted in the combined quantification of >2500 features upon anal. by reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. Chemometric evaluation of quantified features by Principal Component Anal. and Hierarchical Clustering revealed clear correlation between media lots and the corresponding hydrolyzates implemented during formulation development stages, suggesting that the observed variation in culture performance could be influenced by components present within hydrolyzates. Through multivariate data anal., a small number of dipeptides, identified as Tyrosyl-Leucine, Phenylalanyl-Valine and LL-Cyclo(Leucylprolyl) were determined in media as potential contributors to bioprocess variability due to their statistically significant higher abundance in formulations which yielded low cellular productivity. Subsequent quantification of these features was performed through targeted LC-QQQ-MS/MS which however, revealed discrepancies between dipeptide concentration levels in media and corresponding hydrolyzates presumably due to their potential instability upon interaction with other chem. defined components such as metals or chelating agents. The nutritional impact of the aforementioned features of interest on CHO cell growth performance was assessed through spiking studies in representative shake-flask cultures which however, failed to demonstrate clear correlation between dipeptide concentrations and achieved product yields further indicating the presence of a plausible synergetic effect between the identified dipeptides and alternative media components.

Process Biochemistry (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Growth (mammalian cell). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Application In Synthesis of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Lin, Wei-Xiang; Xie, Chun-Lan; Zhou, Mi; Xia, Man-Li; Zhou, Ting-Ting; Chen, Hai-Feng; Yang, Xian-Wen; Yang, Quan published the artcile< Chemical constituents from the deep sea-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis MCCC 1A01570 and their effects on RXRα transcriptional regulation>, Name: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, the main research area is deep sea Streptomyces secondary metabolites RXRalpha anticancer; Deep sea; RXRα; Streptomyces xiamenensis; anticancer; secondary metabolites.

From the deep sea-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis MCCC 1A01570, eight cyclic dipeptides (1-8) and five phenolics (9-13) were obtained. Cyclo-(L-Pro-D-Leu) (4) could moderately promote the gene transcriptional function of nuclear receptor RXRα, while, and showed weak reduction in RXRα gene transcriptional activities induced by 9-cis-retinoid acid (RA). These compounds might have beneficial effects against intractable diseases with relation to RXRα, such as cancer and metabolic diseases, due to their potential activities on regulating the transcriptional activation function of RXRα. In addition, 1-6, 8, 10 and 12 (20μM) showed mild in vitro cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines of ECA-109, Hela-S3 and PANC-1 with the inhibition rates arranging from 50% to 65%.

Natural Product Research published new progress about Antitumor agents. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Name: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Zhihua; Zhao, Chi; Dong, Ling; Huan, Yu; Yoshimoto, Miwa; Zhu, Yongqing; Tada, Ipputa; Wang, Xiaohang; Zhao, Shuang; Zhang, Fengju; Li, Liang; Arita, Masanori published the artcile< Comprehensive Metabolomic Comparison of Five Cereal Vinegars Using Non-Targeted and Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS Analysis>, Recommanded Product: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, the main research area is cereal vinegar metabolomics non target chem isotope; GC-MS; UHPLC-QTOF-MS; cereal vinegar; chemical isotope labeling; metabolomics; small peptides.

Vinegar is used as an acidic condiment and preservative worldwide. In Asia, various black vinegars are made from different combinations of grains, such as Sichuan bran vinegar (SBV), Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV), Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar (ZAV), and Fujian Monascus vinegar (FMV) in China and Ehime black vinegar in Japan (JBV). Understanding the chem. compositions of different vinegars can provide information about nutritional values and the quality of the taste. This study investigated the vinegar metabolome using a combination of GC-MS, conventional LC-MS, and chem. isotope labeling LC-MS. Different types of vinegar contained different metabolites and concentrations Amino acids and organic acids were found to be the main components. Tetrahydroharman-3-carboxylic acid and harmalan were identified first in vinegar. Various diketopiperazines and linear dipeptides contributing to different taste effects were also detected first in vinegar. Dipeptides, 3-phenyllactic acid, and tyrosine were found to be potential metabolic markers for differentiating vinegars. The differently expressed pathway between Chinese and Japanese vinegar was tryptophan metabolism, while the main difference within Chinese vinegars was aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis metabolism These results not only give insights into the metabolites in famous types of cereal vinegar but also provide valuable knowledge for making vinegar with desirable health characteristics.

Metabolites published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Recommanded Product: (3S,8aS)-3-Isobutylhexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Gajbhiye, Milind; Kapadnis, Balu published the artcile< Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris of Plant Origin Produces Antifungal Cyclo-(Leu-Pro) and Tetradecanoic Acid>, Application In Synthesis of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Lactococcus cyclic dipeptide tetradecanoic acid antifungal fungal infection; Biocontrol; Cyclo-(Leu-Pro); Lactic acid bacteria; Pomegranate; Tetradecanoic acid.

Abstract: The antifungal cyclo-depeptide and the fatty acid were isolated and purified from an indigenous strain of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. Maximal activity was observed at pH 5.5 and 6.5, and at 30°C under stationary conditions, which was detected in the culture supernatant 8 h post-inoculation in MRS broth until 22 h. The activity of antifungal compounds in the culture supernatant was sensitive to pH and temperature; and was protease-resistant. The antifungal compounds were concentrated by freeze-drying and ultrafiltration with activity retained in 1 kDa filtrates indicating low mol. weight metabolites. The compounds were further extracted by using different solvents amongst which, Et acetate provided the highest recovery. Antifungal compounds were separated on a silica gel column into two active fractions that were revealed to be tetradecanoic acid and cyclo-(Leu-Pro), a cyclic dipeptide, by GC-MS. Herein, we describe and attribute the biocontrol potential of L. lactis subsp. cremoris to the low mol. weight antifungal compounds isolated, which is the first report of their isolation from this strain. The broad antifungal spectrum of this candidate advocates further exploration of its biocontrol potential in managing fungal infections in different food and feed systems.

Indian Journal of Microbiology published new progress about Cyclic dipeptides Role: PRP (Properties). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Application In Synthesis of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Cao, Duc Danh; Trinh, Thi Thanh Van; Mai, Huong Doan Thi; Vu, Van Nam; Le, Hong Minh; Thi, Quyen Vu; Nguyen, Mai Anh; Duong, Thu Trang; Tran, Dang Thach; Chau, Van Minh; Ma, Rui; Shetye, Gauri; Cho, Sanghyun; Murphy, Brian T.; Pham, Van Cuong published the artcile< Antimicrobial lavandulylated flavonoids from a sponge-derived Streptomyces sp. G248 in East Vietnam Sea>, Quality Control of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Streptomyces antimicrobial lavandulylate flavonoid; Streptomyces; actinomycete; anti-microbial; anti-tuberculosis; cytotoxicity; flavonoid.

Three new lavandulylated flavonoids, (2S,2S)-6-lavandulyl-7,4-dimethoxy-5,2-dihydroxylflavanone (1), (2S,2-S)-6-lavandulyl-5,7,2,4-tetrahydroxylflavanone (2), and (2S)-5-lavandulyl-2-methoxy-2,4,4,6-tetrahydroxylchalcone (3), along with seven known compounds 4-10 were isolated from culture broth of Streptomyces sp. G248. Their structures were established by spectroscopic data anal., including 1D and 2D NMR (NMR), and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The absolute configurations of 1-3 were resolved by comparison of their exptl. and calculated electronic CD spectra. Compounds 1-3 exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity. Whereas, two known compounds 4 and 5 exhibited inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv with min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 6.0 μg/mL and 11.1 μg/mL, resp.

Marine Drugs published new progress about Antimicrobial agents. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Quality Control of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Shen, Shuo; Li, Wei published the artcile< The inhibitory effects of metabolites from Bacillus pumilus on potato virus Y and the induction of early response genes in Nicotiana tabacum>, SDS of cas: 2873-36-1, the main research area is Bacillus Nicotiana metabolites potato virus Y; Active compounds; Early response genes; Halophilic bacterium Bacillus pumilus; Inhibitory activity; Potato Virus Y genes encoding viral proteins.

To develop a new antiviral preparation from a microbial source, the halophilic bacterium Bacillus pumilus E303035 was isolated from a soil sample collected at Qarhan Salt Lake in Qinghai, China. The inhibitory activity of an Et acetate extract of its fermentation broth was higher than that of an n-butanol extract After isolation and purification, 9 compounds were obtained: cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) (1), cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr) (2), Brevianamide F (3), 2-(3-Indolyl) ethanol (4), N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl) ethyl] acetamide (5), 3, 3-di(1H-indol-3-yl)propane-1,2-diol (6), Lincomycin B (7), dibutylphthalate (8), and p-hydroxyphenethyl alc. (9). Compounds 1, 5, and 9 showed inhibitory activities against potato virus Y (PVY). Compounds 1, 4, and 9 had significant inhibitory activity against genes HC-pro, P3, and Nib, compound 5 against gene P3, and compounds 1 and 4 against NIa. Compounds 1, 4, 5, and 9 had significant inhibitory activity against genes VPg and 6K1. Active compounds 1, 5, and 9 had various effects on the expression of viral genes related to pathogenesis. Expression of genes cullin and XTH was up-regulated and CP was down-regulated, compared to the pos. control.

AMB Express published new progress about Cullins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, SDS of cas: 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Salman, Mahwish; Tariq, Anam; Mustafa, Ghulam; Javed, Muhammad Rizwan; Naheed, Shazia; Qamar, Sarmad Ahmad published the artcile< Cyclo(L-Leucyl-L-Prolyl) from Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 inhibits the proliferation of Aspergillus flavus: an in vitro to in silico approach>, Reference of 2873-36-1, the main research area is Lactobacillus Aspergillus proliferation Cyclo L Leucyl Prolyl antifungal bioprotectant; Antifungal potential; Aspergillus flavus; Bioprotectant; Cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro); Lactobacillus coryniformis; Molecular docking.

Fungal spoilage led to a considerable economic loss of foodstuff which ultimately affects public health due to mycotoxins production Moreover, the consumption of com. antifungal drugs creates side effects and develops antifungal resistance. To overcome these challenges, the current work was aimed to investigate novel antifungal cyclic dipeptide (CDP) from Lactobacillus coryniformis (Loigolactobacillus coryniformis) BCH-4. CDPs have flexible, cyclic, and stable conformation. The proline-based CDPs provide addnl. structural compatibility and bio-functional values. Keeping in view, high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) was performed to explore cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) from L. coryniformis BCH-4. The HPLC detected concentration (135 ± 7.07 mg/mL) exhibited in vitro antifungal activity of 5.66 ± 0.57 mm (inhibitory zone) against Aspergillus flavus. Based on these results, cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) was used as a bioprotectant for selected food samples (grapes, lemon, cashew nuts, and almonds). A significant impact of cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) was observed in contrast with MRS broth (control) and cell-free supernatant. In silico mol. docking anal. of this CDP was carried out against FAD glucose dehydrogenase, dihydrofolate reductase, and urate oxidase of A. flavus as target proteins. Among these proteins, FAD glucose dehydrogenase exerted strong interactions with cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) having S-score of – 8.21. The results evaluated that the detected CDP has strong interactions with selected proteins, causing excellent growth inhibition of A. flavus. Therefore, cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) could be used as a potent bioprotectant against food-borne pathogenic fungi.

Archives of Microbiology published new progress about Almond. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Reference of 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Zhu, Junli; Zhang, Yuwei; Deng, Jingmin; Jiang, Hanyun; Zhuang, Liumin; Ye, Wei; Ma, Jiayu; Jiang, Jingyang; Feng, Lifang published the artcile< Diketopiperazines Synthesis Gene in Shewanella baltica and Roles of Diketopiperazines and Resveratrol in Quorum Sensing>, HPLC of Formula: 2873-36-1, the main research area is diketopiperazine resveratrol quorum sensing Shewanella; Shewanella baltica; cyclodipeptide synthase (CDPS); diketopiperazines; quorum sensing; resveratrol.

The synthesis pathways of quorum sensing (QS) signal mols. and the mechanism of action of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) have gained considerable attention as research topics in the field of food preservation. Here, Shewanella baltica was detected as the specific spoilage organism in large yellow croaker during 4° storage, and it produced the QS signal mols. autoinducer-2 (AI-2) and diketopiperazines (DKPs). Then, a cyclodipeptide synthase (CDPS) homologous gene, sb1370, was screened, and knockout and rescue results revealed that this gene was involved in DKP synthesis but not in AI-2 synthesis, and it also played an important role in QS. Furthermore, fish fillets and mutant strains were treated with resveratrol, and the results suggested that resveratrol was an ideal QSI for inhibition of DKPs production via the sb1370 gene and reduced QS in S. baltica, thus delaying the process of fish spoilage during chilling storage.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Diketopiperazines Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, HPLC of Formula: 2873-36-1.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Yanbo; Wang, Feifei; Bao, Xingyue; Feng, Jie; Fu, Linglin published the artcile< Inhibition of biogenic amines in Shewanella baltica by anthocyanins involving a quorum sensing system>, Product Details of C11H18N2O2, the main research area is anthocyanin antibacterial agent biogenic amine quorum sensing Shewanalla; Anthocyanins; Biogenic amines; Diketopiperazines; Quorum sensing inhibitor.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell d.-dependent signaling system responsible for various physiol. activities in bacteria. We initially investigated the relation between a QS system and biogenic amine (BA) production in Shewanella baltica, the specific spoilage organism of refrigerated large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaene crocea). In addition, the inhibition effects of anthocyanins from blueberry and purple sweet potato against QS signals and putrescine production were explored. Two kinds of diketopiperazines, cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Leu) and cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Pro), and two kinds of BAs, putrescine and cadaverine, were detected in the culture extract of S. baltica cultivated in sterile large yellow croaker juice, wherein putrescine presented significantly pos. correlations with cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Leu) and cyclo-(l-Pro-l-Pro). In addition, anthocyanins at subminimum inhibitory concentration inhibited the production of diketopiperazines and putrescine in S. baltica 23, a strain with strong putrescine production Furthermore, a transcriptional anal. showed that anthocyanins suppressed the expression of the odc gene in S. baltica, the gene responsible for the production of putrescine from decarboxylation of ornithine. These results established a correlation of the main BA putrescine with the QS system in S. baltica and revealed that anthocyanins could be developed as new QS inhibitors and seafood preservative candidates.

Journal of Food Protection published new progress about Anthocyanins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Product Details of C11H18N2O2.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Khan, Mohammad Sayyar; Gao, Junlian; Munir, Iqbal; Zhang, Mingfang; Liu, Yixin; Moe, The Su; Xue, Jing; Zhang, Xiuhai published the artcile< Characterization of endophytic fungi, Acremonium sp., from Lilium davidii and analysis of its antifungal and plant growth-promoting effects>, Product Details of C11H18N2O2, the main research area is Acremonium Botrytis Lilium plant growth antifungal agent.

The present study was aimed at isolating endophytic fungi from the Asian culinary and medicinal plant Lilium davidii and analyzing its antifungal and plant growth-promoting effects. In this study, the fungal endophyte Acremonium sp. Ld-03 was isolated from the bulbs of L. davidii and identified through morphol. and mol. anal. The mol. and morphol. anal. confirmed the endophytic fungal strain as Acremonium sp. Ld-03. Antifungal effects of Ld-03 were observed against Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Fusarium fujikuroi. The highest growth inhibition, i.e., 78.39 ± 4.21%, was observed for B. dothidea followed by 56.68 ± 4.38%, 43.62 ± 3.81%, and 20.12 ± 2.45% for B. cinerea, F. fujikuroi, and F. oxysporum, resp. Anal. of the Et acetate fraction through UHPLC-LTQ-IT-MS/MS revealed putative secondary metabolites which included xanthurenic acid, valyl aspartic acid, gancidin W, peptides, and cyclic dipeptides such as valylarginine, cyclo-[L-(4-hydroxy-Pro)-L-leu], cyclo(Pro-Phe), and (3S,6S)-3-benzyl-6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)piperazine-2,5-dione. Other metabolites included (S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-((S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)propanoic acid, di-Bu phthalate (DBP), 9-octadecenamide, D-erythro-C18-Sphingosine, N-palmitoyl sphinganine, and hydroxypalmitoyl sphinganine. The strain Ld-03 showed indole acetic acid (IAA) production with or without the application of exogenous tryptophan. The IAA ranged from 53.12 ± 3.20 μg ml-1 to 167.71 ± 7.12 μg ml-1 under different tryptophan concentrations The strain was able to produce siderophore, and its production was significantly decreased with increasing Fe(III) citrate concentrations in the medium. The endophytic fungal strain also showed production of organic acids and phosphate solubilization activity. Plant growth-promoting effects of the strain were evaluated on in vitro seedling growth of Allium tuberosum. Application of 40% culture dilution resulted in a significant increase in root and shoot length, i.e., 24.03 ± 2.71 mm and 37.27 ± 1.86 mm, resp., compared to nontreated control plants. The fungal endophyte Ld-03 demonstrated the potential of conferring disease resistance and plant growth promotion. Therefore, we conclude that the isolated Acremonium sp. Ld-03 should be further investigated before utilization as a biocontrol agent and plant growth stimulator.

BioMed Research International published new progress about Aconitum tuberosum. 2873-36-1 belongs to class pyrazines, and the molecular formula is C11H18N2O2, Product Details of C11H18N2O2.

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem