New Didecyloxyphenylene-Acceptor Alternating Conjugated Copolymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Optoelectronic Device Applications was written by Liu, Cheng-Liang;Tsai, Jung-Hsun;Lee, Wen-Ya;Chen, Wen-Chang;Jenekhe, Samson A.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2008.COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2 This article mentions the following:
Seven donor-acceptor copolymers incorporating didecyloxyphenylene (DP) donor and the following acceptors-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (TP), 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT), quinoxaline (Q), pyridine (Py), 2,3-dimethyl-5,7-dithien-2-yl-thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine (DTTP), 4,7-dithien-2-yl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DTBT), and 2,3-dimethyl-5,7-dithien-2-yl-quinoxaline (DTQ)-were synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization The effects of the acceptor strength and backbone planarity on the optical, electrochem., field-effect charge transport, and photovoltaic properties of the donor-acceptor copolymers were investigated. The optical band gap (eV) of the copolymers showed the trend of DP/TP (1.47) < DP/BT (2.37) < DP/Py (2.76) < DP/Q (2.78) < DP/P (3.15). The DP/TP copolymer had a field-effect hole mobility of 1.89 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1. The DP/DTBT and DP/DTQ copolymers showed hole mobilities of 1.92 × 10-4 and 2.10 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1, resp. The strong acceptor strength of TP and coplanar backbone in the DP/TP copolymer resulted in a large intramol. charge transfer, leading to the observed charge transport and optical properties.. These results show that the backbone planarity of the DP/BT and DP/Q copolymers was significantly improved by incorporating thiophene moieties, leading to enhanced charge transport. Photovoltaic cells fabricated from DP/DTBT and DP/DTQ polymers blended with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid Me ester (PCBM) showed power conversion efficiencies of 0.40-0.41% under AM 1.5 solar simulator illumination (100 mW/cm2). The results of the present study show that the electronic and optoelectronic properties of dialkoxylphenylene-based donor-acceptor copolymers could be tuned through the acceptor structure and backbone coplanarity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2).
5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazinesare six-membered aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds with two nitrogen atoms at 1,4-positions. Pyrazine is a weaker base (pKb = 13.4) than pyridine (pKb = 8.8), pyrimidine (pKb = 12.7). A large number of pyrazine derivatives are known for their antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, and diuretic activities.COA of Formula: C8H4Br2N2