de la Pena, Eva published the artcileThe intensity of male-male competition may affect chemical scent constituents in the dark ventral patch of male Iberian red deer, Application of 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine, the main research area is male volatile chem scent constituent competitive sexual behavior.
During the mating season, Iberian red deer males (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) present a large visible dark ventral area in their abdomen. This characteristic dark-haired area is formed by the impregnation of the hair with sprayed urine and gland secretions and contains volatile compounds that can be used in intraspecific communication. Here, we used gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to describe the lipophilic chems. from the dark ventral patch of males from different populations with different levels of intrasexual competition. Amongst all the compounds found, m-cresol, benzoic acid, cholesterol and 4-hydroxy-benzenopropanoic acid were the most abundant. The proportions of these compounds varied with age as well as with the level of intra-sexual competition, independently of age. In particular, red deer males experiencing higher intra-sexual competition had lower proportions of aromatic compounds (especially m-cresol) but higher proportions of carboxylic acids on their dark bellies. Males in a high male-male competition situation, invest in volatile compounds that can reveal their age, dominance status and condition, and that, in addition, enhance this signal. On the contrary, males from low intra-sexual competition populations have chem. profiles more characteristic of young individuals. This research shows a first glance of how secretion of volatile compounds of male deer can be modulated due to the intensity of male-male competition in the population.
PLoS One published new progress about Abdomen (dark ventral patch). 14667-55-1 belongs to class pyrazines, name is 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine, and the molecular formula is C7H10N2, Application of 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine.