Month: January 2023

Simple, fast and efficient synthesis of β-keto esters from the esters of heteroaryl compounds, its antimicrobial study and cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines was written by Venkat Ragavan, R.;Vijayakumar, V.;Rajesh, K.;Palakshi Reddy, B.;Karthikeyan, S.;Suchetha Kumari, N.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2012.Category: pyrazines This article mentions the following:

A series of β-keto esters were synthesized from heteroaryl esters and Et acetate using LiHMDS as base at -50 to -30 °C. Increases in yields of cross-condensed products were observed and the percentage of self-condensed product was reduced drastically by applying the suitable base (LiHMDS), solvent, and a min. amount of Et acetate. All these β-keto esters were characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectral data. A plausible mechanism is also depicted to prove the formation of trans-esterified products. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity towards various cancer cell lines and also tested for their antimicrobial activity towards various bacterial and fungal strains and some of them were found to have promising activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Category: pyrazines).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is an N-heterocyclic moiety, and it can be easily prepared from ethylenediamine and 1,2-diketone, α-hydroxyketone, α-methyl ketone. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Category: pyrazines

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Proton NMR spectra and structures of some bicyclic compounds oriented in nematic phases was written by Diehl, P.;Zimmermann, H.. And the article was included in Organic Magnetic Resonance in 1976.Product Details of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

The PMR spectra of 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene, benzothiazole, and quinoline, oriented in nematic liquid crystalline phases, were analyzed and the parameters used to determine interproton distance ratios. The symmetry of the benzene ring was violated when compared to the nonhetero analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Product Details of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Product Details of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectra, vibrational assignment and density functional theory calculations of 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene was written by Krishnakumar, V.;Ramasamy, R.. And the article was included in Journal of Raman Spectroscopy in 2009.Computed Properties of C7H5N3 This article mentions the following:

The Fourier-transform IR (FT-IR) (4000-50 cm^-1) and Raman spectra (3500-100 cm^-1) of 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene in polycrystalline state were measured. Comparison between the spectra by 2 techniques, a series of d. functional theory (DFT) calculations and the spectral behavior upon deuteration were used for the assignment of the vibrational spectra of the title compound The calculated vibrational wavenumbers by the B3LYP d. functionals are generally consistent with the observed spectra. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Computed Properties of C7H5N3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Computed Properties of C7H5N3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Degradation products from amiloride hydrochloride was written by Goerlitzer, Klaus;Huth, Silke;Goessnitzer, Edith;Wendelin, Winfried. And the article was included in Scientia Pharmaceutica in 2004.Reference of 1458-01-1 This article mentions the following:

The degradation of amiloride hydrochloride (I) in acetate buffer pH 4.6 (reflux) was studied. The following products were obtained; amiloride acetate, 3-chloropyrazin-2,6-diamine, and 5-allophanoyl-3-chloropyrazin-2,6-diamine. The heating of I in DMF led to the formation of 2,7-diamino-6-chloro-4(3H)pteridinone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Reference of 1458-01-1).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are volatile compounds that are used in the cosmetic, food, flavor, and fragrance industries. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Reference of 1458-01-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

π-Electron structure of some nitrogen heterocycles: azanaphthalenes, azaanthracenes and azaphenanthrenes was written by Birss, F. W.;Das Gupta, N. K.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Chemistry in 1979.Computed Properties of C7H5N3 This article mentions the following:

The resonance energies of azanaphthalenes, azaanthracenes and azaphenanthrenes are predicted by means of empirical relation. The results are in good agreement with the Dewar resonance energy for the mols. studied. The effect of the N at different centers on the ground state properties was also discussed. Ionization potential, electron affinity and π-dipole moment were predicted and compared with exptl. ones where available. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Computed Properties of C7H5N3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine heterocycles and their benzo derivatives possess many interesting properties, including chemical reactivity profiles, and have diverse applications in total synthesis, medicine, chemical biology, materials, dyes, and imaging. Pyrazine-based skeletons were incorporated into agents targeting a range of ailments. Many derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential cancer treatments.Computed Properties of C7H5N3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Effects of 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine on cardiovascular system was written by Chen, Xue-Min;Cao, Yong-Xiao;Li, Guan-Wu;Lin, Zhang-Quan;Li, Xue-Fei;Liu, Jing. And the article was included in Zhongguo Yiyao Gongye Zazhi in 1998.Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The cardiovascular effects of 2-hydroxymethyl-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine (I), one of the major metabolites of tetramethylpyrazine, were studied. I significantly prolonged cardiac potential lasting time and blood coagulating time in mice. It also significantly deduced the arterial blood pressure but had no effect on heart rates in rats. It was demonstrated that I improved the anoxemia-resistant ability and had the effects of antihypertension and anticoagulation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol).

(3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 75907-74-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine has the elements of symmetry for the point group D2h. It has three mutually perpendicular two-fold axes. It also has three mutually perpendicular planes of symmetry. As a result, pyrazine also has a centre of symmetry. Pyrazines are chemical compounds (technically called “methoxypyrazines”) found in grape skin and stems that are responsible for many “green” flavors in wine. Levels of pyrazines are dependent on viticultural practices, climate, and grape variety.Quality Control of (3,5,6-Trimethylpyrazin-2-yl)methanol

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Optical and magnetic properties of the lowest triplet state of pyrido(2,3-b)pyrazine. An example of ³nπ* azanaphthalene was written by Yamauchi, Seigo;Hirota, Noboru. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry in 1987.Name: Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine This article mentions the following:

The lowest excited triplet (T₁) states of pyrido(2,3-b)pyrazine (PP; 1,4,5-triazanaphthalene) in 3 kinds of environments were studied by using various spectroscopic and magnetic resonance techniques. Phosphorescence emission and excitation spectra, triplet lifetimes, zero field splittings (zfs), and triplet sublevel properties were obtained. From the anal. of the results T₁ is ³nπ^* in character in a single crystal of durene and in EtOH, but it is ³ππ^* in trifluoroethanol. Observation of the ³nπ^* phosphorescence was made for the 1st time in azanaphthalenes, which provides direct information about ³nπ^* azanaphthalene. The 0-0 band and vibronic bands involving a’ vibrations are dominant in the phosphorescence spectrum. Large zfs and neg. D (≡ -311₂x; -3.1 GHz) were obtained. As for the sublevel properties T_z is the most active and T_x is inactive in both radiative and nonradiative processes, whereas T_y is moderately active in the T₁ ∼→ S₀ nonradiative decay process. These ³nπ^* properties are discussed in comparison with those of ³ππ^* PP and azanaphthalenes and ³nπ^* azabenzenes. Possible mechanisms to explain the radiative and nonradiative properties are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Name: Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Name: Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Determination and identification of amiloride in human urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Bi, Honggang;Cooper, Sam F.;Cote, Michel G.. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography, Biomedical Applications in 1992.Application of 1458-01-1 This article mentions the following:

A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatog. method was developed to screen and determine amiloride (I) in human urine. The detection limit of the method is 0.12 μg/mL and the recovery of amiloride from urine was 80.4-85.5% at different concentration The coefficients of variation were less than 2.8 and 4.4% for intra- and inter-assays, resp. Total urinary excretion of I in 24 h after oral administration of 5 mg or 15 mg of I ranged from 22.0 to 33.3% of the total dose for three different subjects. I could be detected in urine up to at least 44 h after a 5-mg dose and 72 h after a 15-mg dose. A gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) confirmatory method was established based on the methanolysis of I to Me 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazinecarboxylate (II). The di-N-trimethylsilyl derivative of II showed very good GC-MS properties and provided reliable structure information for confirmation anal. of I. This is the first time that a reliable GC-MS method has been reported for the detection of urinary I. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1Application of 1458-01-1).

Methyl 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 1458-01-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazines are part of several biologically active polycyclic compounds; examples are quinoxalines, phenazines; and the bio-luminescent natural products pteridines, flavins, and their derivatives. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Application of 1458-01-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

2,3-Dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane: a stable synthetic equivalent of anhydrous glyoxal was written by Venuti, Michael C.. And the article was included in Synthesis in 1982.Reference of 322-46-3 This article mentions the following:

1,4-Dioxane-2,3-diol (I) was obtained in 45% yield by treating aqueous glyoxal with ethylene glycol. I reacts as glyoxal with diamines, aldehydes, alcs., and thio ethers to give, e.g., quinoxaline, isonaphthazarin, and 2,5-bis(4-bromobenzoyl)thiophene. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3Reference of 322-46-3).

Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine (cas: 322-46-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine is a symmetrical molecule with point group D2h. Pyrazine is less basic than pyridine, pyridazine and pyrimidine. Substituted pyrazines have been found as subunits of multiple synthetically constructed therapeutic agents, as well as several natural products.Reference of 322-46-3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Synthesis, spectroscopic analyses (FT-IR and NMR), vibrational study, chemical reactivity and molecular docking study and anti-tubercular activity of condensed oxadiazole and pyrazine derivatives was written by El-Azab, Adel S.;Mary, Y. Sheena;Abdel-Aziz, Alaa A. M.;Miniyar, Pankaj B.;Armakovic, Stevan;Armakovic, Sanja J.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2018.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The Fourier transform IR spectra of the compounds 2-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (PHOXPY), 2-(5-styryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (STOXPY) and 2-(5-(furan-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrazine (FUOXPY) have been recorded and the wavenumbers are computed at the d. functional theory level. The assignments of all the fundamental bands of each mol. are made using potential energy distribution. The computed values of dipole moment, polarizability and hyperpolarizability values indicate that the title mols. exhibit NLO properties. The HOMO and LUMO energies demonstrate the chem. stability of the mols. and NBO anal. is made to study the stability of mols. arising from hyper conjugative interactions and charge delocalization. Detailed computational anal. and spectroscopic characterization has been performed for three newly synthesized oxadiazole derivatives Obtained computational and exptl. results have been mutually compared in order to understand the influence of structural parts specific for each derivative From the MIC determination, MTb H37Rv was found to be sensitive to compounds, PHOXPY, STOXPY and FUOXPY. The results obtained from anti-TB activity are more promising as the compounds were found to be more potent than reference standards, streptomycin and pyrazinamide. Efforts were made in order to predict both global and local reactive properties of the title oxadiazole derivatives, including their sensitivity towards autoxidation mechanism and influence of water. The results obtained from anti-TB activity are more promising for the title compounds Interaction with representative protein Pterindeaminase inhibitor asricin A was also investigated using the mol. docking procedure. The docked ligands form stable complexes with the receptor ricin A and the docking results suggest that these compounds can be developed as new anti-cancer drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1Application In Synthesis of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate).

Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate (cas: 6924-68-1) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Substituted pyrazines have been found as subunits of multiple synthetically constructed therapeutic agents, as well as several natural products.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem