Molecular engineering of quinoxaline-based organic sensitizers for highly efficient and stable dye-sensitized solar cells was written by Lu, Xuefeng;Feng, Quanyou;Lan, Tian;Zhou, Gang;Wang, Zhong-Sheng. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2012.Product Details of 148231-12-3 This article mentions the following:
A series of quinoxaline based metal-free organic sensitizers has been designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The absorption, electrochem., and photovoltaic properties for all sensitizers have been systematically investigated. It is found that the incorporation of quinoxaline unit instead of thienopyrazine unit results in a neg. shift of the LUMO levels for FNE44, FNE45, FNE46, and FNE47, in comparison to FNE32, which induces a remarkable enhancement of the electron injection driving force from the excited organic sensitizers to the TiO2 semiconductor. Moreover, when the alkyl substituents are removed from the spacer part in FNE44 to the donor part in FNE45 and FNE46, a more conjugated system and a bathochromically shifted maximum absorption band can be realized, which consequently results in an increased light harvesting efficiency and photogenerated current. In addition, the length of the alkyl substituents on the donor part has a certain influence on the DSSC performance. Combining the three contributions, FNE46-based DSSC with liquid electrolyte displays the highest power conversion efficiency (η) of 8.27%. Most importantly, a η of 7.14% has been achieved for FNE46 based quasi-solid-state DSSC and remained at 100% of the initial value after continuous light soaking for 1000 h, which indicates that FNE46 is appropriate for promising com. application. Our findings will facilitate the understanding of the crucial importance of mol. engineering and pave a new path to design novel metal-free organic dyes for highly efficient and stable DSSCs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3Product Details of 148231-12-3).
5,8-Dibromoquinoxaline (cas: 148231-12-3) belongs to pyrazine derivatives. Pyrazine derivatives have antitumor, antibiotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculous and diuretic effects as well as kinase, enzymatic and potent tubulin and FtsZ polymerization inhibitory activities. Pyrazine and a variety of alkylpyrazines are flavor and aroma compounds found in baked and roasted goods. Tetramethylpyrazine (also known as ligustrazine) is reported to scavenge superoxide anion and decrease nitric oxide production in human Granulocytes.Product Details of 148231-12-3