Month: November 2022

Menzel, Roberto published the artcileArylamine-Modified Thiazoles as Donor-Acceptor Dyes: Quantum Chemical Evaluation of the Charge-Transfer Process and Testing as Ligands in Ruthenium(II) Complexes, Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, the publication is European Journal of Organic Chemistry (2012), 2012(27), 5231-5247, S5231/1-S5231/34, database is CAplus.

New 4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazole-based chromophores bearing different arylamine components (triarylamines, carbazole, and phenothiazine) as electron donors and azaheterocycle components (pyridine, pyrazine and pyrimidine) as electron-acceptor moieties were synthesized. Elaborate quantum chem. calculations were carried out with two selected compounds to identify the natures of the HOMO/LUMO transition and of the intramol. charge-transfer state. The electrochem. properties were studied: the dyes show reversible first oxidation and reduction peaks, with the former strongly dominated by the type of arylamine. The donor moieties were synthesized under Buchwald-Hartwig conditions. Several of the presented x-ray structures provide deeper insight into the geometries of the ligands. The bidentate nature of the chromophores makes them suitable as ligands in transition metal complexes. The corresponding Ru(II) polypyridine complexes, Ru(dmbpy)₂(L)(PF₆)₂ (dmbpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), were successfully synthesized for seven of the ligands. The MLCT bands in these complexes are significantly broadened, resulting in improved light-harvesting efficiencies.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Biedulska, Malgorzata published the artcilePhysicochemical profile of Os (III) complexes with pyrazine derivatives: From solution behavior to DNA binding studies and biological assay, Application In Synthesis of 4604-72-2, the publication is Journal of Molecular Liquids (2020), 113804, database is CAplus.

New series of osmium(III) complexes with pyrazinamide (PZA) and its analogs (PTCA, PAOX) were synthesized. The physicochem. features in the solid phase have been identified and confirmed using elemental anal., mass spectrometry, spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H NMR) and thermogravimetric anal. Based on the studies we confirmed bidentate nature of selected pyrazine derivatives and proven involvement azomethine and amine nitrogen atoms in coordination of metal ion. In particular, complex (2) is more stable than (1) and (3), retaining thermal stability up to 120 °C. After one stage dehydration process, the simultaneous destruction of Os(III) complexes architecture was observed with immediate decomposition and elimination of pyrazine derivatives The acid-base equilibrium studies of newly synthesized Os(III) complexes were carried out by combined pH-metric-spectrophotometric and potentiometric titrations in the aqueous solution Os(III) complexes exhibited rich redox chem. as demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammograms revealed a well-defined redox couples which correspond to reversible, single-electron OsIII → OsII reduction within -1.152 to -1.374 V vs Ag/AgCl and OsIII → OsIV oxidation within 0.460-0.831 V vs Ag/AgCl. The binding ability of bioactive ligand and their Os(III) complexes with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) were investigated by spectrophotometric titration The observed hypsochromic and bathochromic shifts with simultaneous hyperchromic effect confirmed mixed mode of interaction with biol. target. Biol. activity of Os(III) complexes, i.e. antimicrobial, cytotoxic, haemolytic and photodynamic potential were studied.

Journal of Molecular Liquids published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Application In Synthesis of 4604-72-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Gao, Ling-Jie published the artcileDiscovery of Dual Death-Associated Protein Related Apoptosis Inducing Protein Kinase 1 and 2 Inhibitors by a Scaffold Hopping Approach, SDS of cas: 1257072-34-6, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2014), 57(18), 7624-7643, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

DRAK2 emerged as a promising drug target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and to prevent graft rejection after organ transplantation. Screening of a compound library in a DRAK2 binding assay led to the identification of an isothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine derivative as a novel ligand for DRAK2, displaying a K_d value of 1.6 μM. Subsequent medicinal chem. work led to the discovery of a thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivative with strong DRAK2 binding affinity (K_d = 9 nM). Moreover, this compound also behaves as a functional inhibitor of DRAK2 enzymic activity, displaying an IC₅₀ value of 0.82 μM, although lacking selectivity, when tested against DRAK1. This paper describes for the first time functionally active dual DRAK1 and DRAK2 inhibitors that can be used as starting point for the synthesis of chem. tool compounds to study DRAK1 and DRAK2 biol., or they can be considered as hit compounds for hit-to-lead optimization campaigns in drug discovery programs.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 1257072-34-6. 1257072-34-6 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Chloride,Nitrile,Bromide, name is 6-Bromo-3-chloropyrazine-2-carbonitrile, and the molecular formula is C5HBrClN3, SDS of cas: 1257072-34-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Shepard, Charles C. published the artcileAn experimental study of the antileprosy activity of a series of thioamides in the mouse, Application of Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, the publication is International Journal of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (1985), 53(4), 587-94, database is CAplus.

A series of substituted thioamides were studied to establish whether their structure-activity pattern against Mycobacterium leprae is similar to that previously observed against M. tuberculosis. Antileprosy activity was evaluated in the mouse foot pad test. Ethionamide (I) [536-33-4] and prothionamide (II) [14222-60-7] were approx. equipotent and the most active; thioisonicotinamide  [2196-13-6] was 5-fold less active; N-hydroxymethylethionamide  [4536-43-0] was also active, but 2-tert-butylthioisonicotinamide  [102127-71-9], 2-dimethylaminothioisonicotinamide  [102127-72-0], and pyrazine carbonic thioamide  [4604-72-2] were inactive at the dosages tested. High-pressure liquid chromatog. methods were devised to study the potential influence of pharmacol. factors on their in vivo activity. All of the thioamides tested when administered orally were well absorbed and when administered i.v. were rapidly eliminated. Differences in the elimination rates for these compounds appeared to play only a minor role in affecting their relative antileprosy activities. It is concluded that the structural requirements for antileprosy and antituberculosis activity of the thioamides are probably similar.

International Journal of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C6H8O3, Application of Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Foks, Henryk published the artcilePyrazine derivatives. IX. Synthesis and tuberculostatic activity of 2-pyrazinylbenzimidazoles, Computed Properties of 4604-72-2, the publication is Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica (1978), 35(3), 281-8, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Twenty-eight benzimidazole derivatives [I, R = H, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 4-thiomorpholinyl, 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, Me₂NNH, 1-imidazolyl, 2-, 3- and 4-EtC₆H₄; R¹ = H, 5-Cl, 5-Br, 5-NO₂, 4- and 5-Me] were prepared in 30-80% yields by fusion of 6-substituted 2-thiocarbamoylpyrazines with appropriate o-(NH₂)₂C₆H₄ derivatives 2-(2-Pyridinyl)benzimidazole (II), the 3- and 4-pyridinyl analogs of II, 2-(2-ethyl-4-pyridinyl)benzimidazole (III) and the 5-Me and 5-Cl analogs of III as well as IV and its [4,5-c] analog were prepared analogously. Similarly, 12 I (R = MeO and EtO; R¹ as above) were prepared by fusing the 6-methoxy and 6-ethoxy derivatives, resp., of pyrazine-2-carboximidic acid esters with the appropriate o-(NH₂)₂C₆H₄ derivatives All compounds prepared revealed moderate tuberculostatic activity against H₃₇Rv and Sp 607 strains; their activity was particularly interesting in the case of strains resistant to ethionamide.

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Computed Properties of 4604-72-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Foks, Henryk published the artcilePyrazine derivatives. XIV. Synthesis and tuberculostatic activity of pyrazine amidrazones, Name: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, the publication is Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica (1979), 36(2), 155-60, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cyanopyrazine (I) treated at room temperature with Me₂NNH₂ gave II (R = H, R¹ = NMe₂). II (R = H, R¹ = NHPh, 1-piperidinyl, and 4-morpholinyl; R = 1-piperidinyl and 4-morpholinyl, R¹ = NMe₂) were prepared analogously. I heated with Me₂NNH₂ in MeOH yielded Me pyrazinecarboximidate, which was subsequently hydrolyzed to carbomethoxypyrazine and converted with H₂S into pyrazinethiocarboxamide. 2-Chloro-6-cyanopyridazine (III) with H₂NNH₂ yielded II (R = NHNH₂, R¹ = NH₂); under similar conditions, III and Me₂NNH₂ yielded IV (R = NHNMe₂), which on prolonged heating in MeOH was converted into II (R = NHNMe₂, R¹ = NMe₂). III and PhNHNH₂ gave II (R = Cl, R¹ = NHPh). With N-aminomorpholine, III gave only IV (R = 4-morpholinyl), whereas with N-aminopiperidine the analogous product was accompanied by some IV (R = 1-piperidinylamino). Weak tuberculostatic activity was noted for all the compounds prepared

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Name: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Foks, Henryk published the artcilePyrazine derivatives. XV. Synthesis and tuberculostatic activity of imidazolinopyrazines and imidazolinopyridines, Application In Synthesis of 4604-72-2, the publication is Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica (1982), 39(1-3), 79-82, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Imidazolinylpyrazines I [R = H, Cl, MeO, EtO, 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 4-morpholinyl, 1-imidazolinyl, Me₂NNH, 2-EtC₆H₄O, 4-EtC₆H₄O, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy] were prepared from 2-substituted 6-thiocarbamoylpyrazines refluxed with 3 mol H₂N(CH₂)₂NH₂. Imidazolinylpyridines II (R¹ = H, Et) were prepared analogously. Highest tuberculostatic activity (31.5 μg/mL against H₃₇Rv strain) was observed for I (R = 4-EtC₆H₄O).

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Application In Synthesis of 4604-72-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Murata, Yuki published the artcileSynthesis of nitriles via the iodine-mediated dehydrosulfurization of thioamides, Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, the publication is Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2020), 68(7), 679-681, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A simple general method for the synthesis of nitriles using the inexpensive and easy to handle iodine (I₂) is described herein. The reaction of thioamides with I₂ in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature under aerobic conditions afforded various nitriles bearing aryl, vinyl, and alkyl groups in good-to-excellent yields. This method was also effective for conversion of thioureas to cyanamides.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about 4604-72-2. 4604-72-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Amine,Amide, name is Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide, and the molecular formula is C5H5N3S, Recommanded Product: Pyrazine-2-carbothioamide.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Yun, Yanghwan published the artcile2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one analogs as pan-PIM kinase inhibitors, Quality Control of 343856-62-2, the publication is Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2021), 69(9), 854-861, database is CAplus.

Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are proto-oncogenic kinases involved in the regulation of several cellular processes. PIM kinases are promising targets for new drug development because they play a major role in many cancer-specific pathways, such as survival, apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and migration. Here, 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one derivatives I (R = cyclopentylamine, cyclohexyloxy, (CH₂)₂N(CH₂)₂NH, etc.; X = S) were synthesized and evaluated as potent pan-PIM kinase inhibitors. Optimized compounds showed single-digit nanomolar IC₅₀ values against all three PIM kinases with high selectivity over 14 other kinases. Compound I (R = (CH₂)₂N(CH₂)₂NH; X = S) inhibited the growth of Molm-16 cell lines (EC₅₀ = 14 nM) and modulated the expression of pBAD and p4EBP1 in a dose-dependent manner.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about 343856-62-2. 343856-62-2 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Pyrazine,Piperidine,Chloride, name is 2-Chloro-6-(piperidin-1-yl)pyrazine, and the molecular formula is C10H15NS, Quality Control of 343856-62-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Warner, Katherine Deigan published the artcileValidating Fragment-Based Drug Discovery for Biological RNAs: Lead Fragments Bind and Remodel the TPP Riboswitch Specifically, Related Products of pyrazines, the publication is Chemistry & Biology (Oxford, United Kingdom) (2014), 21(5), 591-595, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) riboswitches regulate essential genes in bacteria by changing conformation upon binding intracellular TPP. Previous studies using fragment-based approaches identified small mol. “fragments” that bind this gene-regulatory mRNA domain. Crystallog. studies now show that, despite having micromolar K_ds, four different fragments bind the TPP riboswitch site-specifically, occupying the pocket that recognizes the aminopyrimidine of TPP. Unexpectedly, the unoccupied site that would recognize the pyrophosphate of TPP rearranges into a structure distinct from that of the cognate complex. This idiosyncratic fragment-induced conformation, also characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering and chem. probing, represents a possible mechanism for adventitious ligand discrimination by the riboswitch, and suggests that off-pathway conformations of RNAs can be targeted for drug development. Our structures, together with previous screening studies, demonstrate the feasibility of fragment-based drug discovery against RNA targets.

Chemistry & Biology (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about 59944-75-1. 59944-75-1 belongs to pyrazines, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Amine, name is Thieno[2,3-b]pyrazin-7-amine, and the molecular formula is C17H14F3N3O2S, Related Products of pyrazines.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrazine,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem