Month: November 2022

On April 30, 2020, Adir, Omer; Sharf-Pauker, Noga; Chen, Gal; Kaduri, Maya; Krinsky, Nitzan; Shainsky-Roitman, Janna; Shklover, Jeny; Schroeder, Avi published an article.Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one The title of the article was Preparing protein producing synthetic cells using cell free bacterial extracts, liposomes and emulsion transfer. And the article contained the following:

The bottom-up assembly approach for construction of synthetic cells is an effective tool for isolating and investigating cellular processes in a cell mimicking environment. Furthermore, the development of cell-free expression systems has demonstrated the ability to reconstitute the protein production, transcription and translation processes (DNA→ RNA→protein) in a controlled manner, harnessing synthetic biol. Here we describe a protocol for preparing a cell-free expression system, including the production of a potent bacterial lysate and encapsulating this lysate inside cholesterol-rich lipid-based giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) (i.e., stable liposomes), to form synthetic cells. The protocol describes the methods for preparing the components of the synthetic cells including the production of active bacterial lysates, followed by a detailed step-by-step preparation of the synthetic cells based on a water-in-oil emulsion transfer method. These facilitate the production of millions of synthetic cells in a simple and affordable manner with a high versatility for producing different types of proteins. The obtained synthetic cells can be used to investigate protein/RNA production and activity in an isolated environment, in directed evolution, and also as a controlled drug delivery platform for on-demand production of therapeutic proteins inside the body. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to synthetic cell protein production bacterial extract liposome emulsification, Biochemical Methods: Reagents and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Zhang, James Y.; Tung, Jack K.; Wang, Zuhui; Yu, Shan Ping; Gross, Robert E.; Wei, Ling; Berglund, Ken published an article in 2020, the title of the article was Improved trafficking and expression of luminopsins for more efficient optical and pharmacological control of neuronal activity.Quality Control of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one And the article contains the following content:

In this study, we created an enhanced iteration of the excitatory luminopsin LMO3, termed eLMO3, that has improved membrane targeting due to the insertion of a Golgi trafficking signal sequence. In cortical neurons in culture, the expression of eLMO3 resulted in significant reductions in the formation of intracellular aggregates, as well as in a significant increase in total photocurrents. Furthermore, we corroborated the findings with injections of adeno-associated viral vectors into the deep layers of the somatosensory cortex (the barrel cortex) of male mice. We observed greatly reduced numbers of intracellular puncta in eLMO3-expressing cortical neurons compared to those expressing the original LMO3. Finally, we quantified CTZ-driven behavior, namely whisker-touching behavior, in male mice with LMO3 expression in the barrel cortex. After CTZ administration, mice with eLMO3 displayed significantly longer whisker responses than mice with LMO3. In summary, we have engineered the superior LMO by resolving membrane trafficking defects, and we demonstrated improved membrane targeting, greater photocurrents, and greater functional responses to stimulate with CTZ. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Quality Control of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to somatosensory cortex neuron luminopsin, golgi apparatus, photocurrent, whiskers, Mammalian Biochemistry: Other and other aspects.Quality Control of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On December 1, 2020, Ji, Moxuan; Wang, Xinan; Zheng, Haifeng; Mao, Wenjie; Shi, Xiaorui; Chen, Si; Tang, Chu; Wang, Fu published an article.Related Products of 55779-48-1 The title of the article was A Secreted Reporter for Blood Monitoring of Pyroptotic Cell Death. And the article contained the following:

Pyroptotic cell death is a phenomenon that runs through all life activities and plays an important role in physiol. and pathol. processes of the body’s metabolism It is of big biol. significance to understand the phenomenon and nature of cell pyroptosis. In the process of cell pyroptosis, the pore-forming effector gasdermin D (GSDMD) is cleaved to form oligomers, which are inserted into the cell membrane, causing rapid cell death. However, the effective cell death induced by GSDMD complicates our ability to understand the behavior of pyroptosis. In this work, we performed mol. mutagenesis to develop a genetically encoded pyroptotic reporter, where a secreted Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) was strategically placed in the p30-p20 tolerated junction of GSDMD to support natural pyrophosphorylation and promote live imaging of cell pyroptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that this fused Gluc-GSDMD reporter executed inflammatory body-dependent pyroptosis in response to extracellular stimuli, and that the lysed p30-GSDMD can be secreted out of the cell and can be detected in the culture medium and animal blood. Therefore, our study provides a valuable tool that not only noninvasive and real-time monitoring of cell pyroptosis, but also affords a high-throughput functional screening of pyroptosis-targeted compounds in cultured cells and animal models. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Related Products of 55779-48-1

The Article related to pyroptotic cell death blood gasdermin, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Related Products of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On December 31, 2019, Sarrion-Perdigones, Alejandro; Chang, Lyra; Gonzalez, Yezabel; Gallego-Flores, Tatiana; Young, Damian W.; Venken, Koen J. T. published an article.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1 The title of the article was Examining multiple cellular pathways at once using multiplex hextuple luciferase assaying. And the article contained the following:

Sensitive simultaneous assessment of multiple signaling pathways within the same cells requires orthogonal reporters that can assay over large dynamic ranges. Luciferases are such genetically encoded candidates due to their sensitivity, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. We expand luciferase multiplexing in post-lysis endpoint luciferase assays from two to six. Light emissions are distinguished by a combination of distinct substrates and emission spectra deconvolution. All six luciferase reporter units are stitched together into one plasmid facilitating delivery of all reporter units through a process we termed solotransfection, minimizing exptl. errors. We engineer a multiplex hextuple luciferase assay to probe pathway fluxes through five transcriptional response elements against a control constitutive promoter. We can monitor effects of siRNA, ligand, and chem. compound treatments on their target pathways along with the four other probed cellular pathways. We demonstrate the effectiveness and adaptiveness of multiplex luciferase assaying, and its broad application across different research fields. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

The Article related to multiplex hextuple luciferase assay sirna signal transduction, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On April 30, 2019, Kobayashi, Hiroyuki; Picard, Louis-Philippe; Schonegge, Anne-Marie; Bouvier, Michel published an article.Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one The title of the article was Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based imaging of protein-protein interactions in living cells. And the article contained the following:

Because BRET occurs when the distance between the donor and acceptor is <10 nm, and its efficiency is inversely proportional to the sixth power of distance, it has gained popularity as a proximity-based assay to monitor protein-protein interactions and conformational rearrangements in live cells. In such assays, one protein of interest is fused to a bioluminescent energy donor (luciferases from Renilla reniformis or Oplophorus gracilirostris), and the other protein is fused to a fluorescent energy acceptor (such as GFP or YFP). Because the BRET donor does not require an external light source, it does not lead to phototoxicity or autofluorescence. It therefore represents an interesting alternative to fluorescence-based imaging such as FRET. However, the low signal output of BRET energy donors has limited the spatiotemporal resolution of BRET imaging. Here, we describe how recent improvements in detection devices and BRET probes can be used to markedly improve the resolution of BRET imaging, thus widening the field of BRET imaging applications. The protocol described herein involves three main stages. First, cell preparation and transfection require 3 d, including cell culture time. Second, image acquisition takes 10-120 min per sample, after an initial 60 min for microscope setup. Finally, image anal. typically takes 1-2 h. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to bioluminescence resonance energy transfer living cell protein interaction, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On February 28, 2019, Chen, Jie; Landegger, Lukas D.; Sun, Yao; Ren, Jun; Maimon, Nir; Wu, Limeng; Ng, Mei R.; Chen, John W.; Zhang, Na; Zhao, Yingchao; Gao, Xing; Fujita, Takeshi; Roberge, Sylvie; Huang, Peigen; Jain, Rakesh K.; Plotkin, Scott R.; Stankovic, Konstantina M.; Xu, Lei published an article.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1 The title of the article was A cerebellopontine angle mouse model for the investigation of tumor biology, hearing, and neurological function in NF2-related vestibular schwannoma. And the article contained the following:

Neurofibromatosis type II (NF2) is a disease that lacks effective therapies. NF2 is characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) that cause progressive and debilitating hearing loss, leading to social isolation and increased rates of depression. A major limitation in NF2 basic and translational research is the lack of animal models that allow the full spectrum of research into the biol. and mol. mechanisms of NF2 tumor progression, as well as the effects on neurol. function. In this protocol, we describe how to inject schwannoma cells into the mouse brain cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region. We also describe how to apply state-of-the-art intravital imaging and hearing assessment techniques to study tumor growth and hearing loss. In addition, ataxia, angiogenesis, and tumor-stroma interaction assays can be applied, and the model can be used to test the efficacy of novel therapeutic approaches. By studying the disease from every angle, this model offers the potential to unravel the basic biol. underpinnings of NF2 and to develop novel therapeutics to control this devastating disease. Our protocol can be adapted to study other diseases within the CPA, including meningiomas, lipomas, vascular malformations, hemangiomas, epidermoid cysts, cerebellar astrocytomas, and metastatic lesions. The entire surgical procedure takes ∼45 min per mouse and allows for subsequent longitudinal imaging, as well as neurol. and hearing assessment, for up to 2 mo. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

The Article related to hearing neurofibromatosis 2 schwannoma cerebellopontine angle mouse model, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On April 2, 2022, Bashmakova, Eugenia E.; Panamarev, Nikita S.; Kudryavtsev, Alexander N.; Frank, Ludmila A. published an article.COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3 The title of the article was N-extended photoprotein obelin to competitively detect small protein tumor markers. And the article contained the following:

Two variants of Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin, extended from the N-terminus with small tumor markers – melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA) and survivin, one of the protein inhibitors of apoptosis, were designed, obtained and studied. Both domains in the obtained hybrid proteins exhibit the properties of the initial mols.: the main features of Ca2+-triggered bioluminescence are close to those of obelin, and the tumor markers domains are recognized and bound by the corresponding antibodies. The obtained hybrids compete with the corresponding tumor markers for binding with antibodies, immobilized on the surface and their use has been shown to be promising as bioluminescent labels in a one-stage solid-phase competitive immunoassay. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3

The Article related to photoprotein obelin protein tumor marker, competitive assay, genetic fusion, photoprotein obelin, tumor marker, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On February 28, 2022, Larionova, Marina D.; Wu, Lijie; Eremeeva, Elena V.; Natashin, Pavel V.; Gulnov, Dmitry V.; Nemtseva, Elena V.; Liu, Dongsheng; Liu, Zhi-Jie; Vysotski, Eugene S. published an article.Application In Synthesis of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one The title of the article was Crystal structure of semisynthetic obelin-v. And the article contained the following:

Coelenterazine-v (CTZ-v), a synthetic derivative with an addnl. benzyl ring, yields a bright bioluminescence of Renilla luciferase and its “yellow” mutant with a significant shift in the emission spectrum toward longer wavelengths, which makes it the substrate of choice for deep tissue imaging. Although Ca2+-regulated photoproteins activated with CTZ-v also display red-shifted light emission, in contrast to Renilla luciferase their bioluminescence activities are very low, which makes photoproteins activated by CTZ-v unusable for calcium imaging. Here, we report the crystal structure of Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin with 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine-v (obelin-v) at 1.80 S resolution The structures of obelin-v and obelin bound with native CTZ revealed almost no difference; only the minor rearrangement in hydrogen-bond pattern and slightly increased distances between key active site residues and some atoms of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine-v were found. The fluorescence quantum yield (ΦFL) of obelin bound with coelenteramide-v (0.24) turned out to be even higher than that of obelin with native coelenteramide (0.19). Since both obelins are in effect the enzyme-substrate complexes containing the 2-hydroperoxy adduct of CTZ-v or CTZ, we reasonably assume the chem. reaction mechanisms and the yields of the reaction products (ΦR) to be similar for both obelins. Based on these findings we suggest that low bioluminescence activity of obelin-v is caused by the low efficiency of generating an electronic excited state (ΦS). In turn, the low ΦS value as compared to that of native CTZ might be the result of small changes in the substrate microenvironment in the obelin-v active site. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Application In Synthesis of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

The Article related to obelin coelenterazine crystal structure, analog, bioluminescence, coelenterazine, coelenterazine-v, obelin, photoprotein, protein structure, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On November 5, 2021, Mizuno, Gaku; Yano, Daichi; Paitio, Jose; Endo, Hiromitsu; Oba, Yuichi published an article.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1 The title of the article was Etmopterus lantern sharks use coelenterazine as substrate for their luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence system. And the article contained the following:

The lantern shark genus Etmopterus contains approx. 40 species of deep-sea bioluminescent cartilaginous fishes. They emit blue light mainly from the ventral body surface. The biol. functions of this bioluminescence have been discussed based on the luminescence patterns, but the bioluminescence mechanism remains uncertain. In this study, we detected both coelenterazine and coelenterazine-dependent luciferase activity in the ventral photophore tissue of Etmopterus molleri. The results suggested that bioluminescence in lantern sharks is produced using coelenterazine as the substrate for the luciferin-luciferase reaction, as some luminous bony fishes. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

The Article related to coelenterazine luciferin luciferase bioluminescence etmopterus, bioluminescence, coelenterazine, etmopterus, lantern shark, luciferase, luciferin, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.Electric Literature of 55779-48-1

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

On June 15, 2020, Weihs, Felix; Gel, Murat; Wang, Jian; Anderson, Alisha; Trowell, Stephen; Dacres, Helen published an article.COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3 The title of the article was Development and characterisation of a compact device for rapid real-time-on-chip detection of thrombin activity in human serum using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). And the article contained the following:

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a sensitive optical detection method that can monitor changes in the relative orientation and the phys. proximity of mols. in real-time. Since the light is generated internally by a bioluminescent protein, BRET does not rely on an external light source. The use of BRET simultaneously simplifies the hardware required for sensing and offers improved detection limits and sensitivity for applications targeting point-of-care bio-sensing. In this paper, we report a compact micro reactor integrating a thermostat with a re-useable glass-chip comprising a chaotic mixer, an incubation channel and optical detection chamber. The device was optimized to detect thrombin activities in serum, achieving a thrombin detection limit of 38μU/μl in 10% (volume/volume) human serum in a 5 min assay time. This is a 90% assay time reduction, compared with previous BRET-based work or other technologies. The low cost associated with this approach, low interference from human serum and other proteases and good reproducibility (CV = 0.2-3.6%), establish new performance standards for point-of-care diagnostics with samples of human serum. Importantly, measuring protease activity levels, rather than concentrations, is the most informative approach for clin. diagnostics. Of the recently reported ultra-sensitive thrombin sensing techniques, this is the only one to measure thrombin activity in serum dilutions, rather than simply quantifying thrombin concentrations The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Benzyl-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3(7H)-one(cas: 55779-48-1).COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3

The Article related to serum thrombin real timeon chip bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, blood analysis, lab-on-a-chip, microfluidics, optical sensor, protease activity, thrombin, Biochemical Methods: Biological and other aspects.COA of Formula: C26H21N3O3

Referemce:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem