Month: April 2022

Jackson, Randy; Petrikovics, Ilona; Lai, Edward P. C.; Yu, Jorn C. C. published an article about the compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O ).Electric Literature of C4H6N2O2S. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) through the article.

In forensic casework, a stable and quantifiable marker is desirable for the determination of cyanide poisoning in biol. fluids. 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is a chem. stable urinary metabolite of cyanide that has been considered to be a reliable biol. marker for cyanide exposure. However, endogenous ATCA is always present in low quantity originating from either dietary intake of cyanide or from normal metabolism of amino acids. A selective and sensitive anal. method is needed to determine the endogenous level of ATCA in order to identify cyanide poisoning. The objective of this research was to prepare molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) on the surface of a silica stir bar for molecularly imprinted stir bar sorption extraction (MISBSE). Under optimal extraction conditions, the MISBSE could selectively preconc. ATCA from urine samples. The binding capacity of one MISBSE stir bar for ATCA was determined to be 35 ± 3 ng (n = 3). Combining MISBSE with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS), ATCA was detected without derivatization at the 400 ng/mL concentration level. This new strategy of MISBSE-ESI/MS/MS enhanced the selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of ACTA in urine samples.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called HDAC4 Inhibitors with Cyclic Linker and Non-hydroxamate Zinc Binding Group: Design, Synthesis, HDAC Screening and in vitro Cytotoxicity evaluation., published in 2021-07-13, which mentions a compound: 1827-27-6, mainly applied to HDAC inhibitor screening cytotoxicity cyclic linker nonhydroxamate zinc binding, Name: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine.

Recent evidences highlight the usefulness of small mol. (Histone deacetylase 4) HDAC4 inhibitors in the several preclin. paradigms. Major toxicity and mutagenicity issues associated with hydroxamate HDAC inhibitors, stimulated us to develop potent non-hydroxamate inhibitors. In the present work a novel series of thiazolidinedione (TZD) derivatives with pyridine as cyclic linker and TZD ring as zinc binding group was designed and screened in a panel of isoenzymes of HDACs, wherein the most potent compounds exhibiting HDAC4 IC50-values<5 μM were 5 v, 5 w, 5 y and 5 z (IC50=4.2±1 μM, 0.75±0.03 μM, 4.9±0.5 and 2.3±0.5 μM, resp.). The docking studies displayed the unique binding mode of this series of compound at active site of HDAC4, wherein TZD ring was indicated as zinc binding group. Further, 5 w and 5 y were found as the most potent antiproliferative agent in lymphoblastic leukemia (CCRF-CEM) and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Compound 5 y was found to induce the apoptosis and DNA fragmentation of CEM cells. The western blotting anal. of 5 y also showed the presence of cleaved caspases supporting their apoptotic nature. Further, Class IIa (HDAC4) selectivity of 5 y was also supported by western blotting observations, wherein 5 y caused the accumulation of acetylated H3 but not of acetylated Tubulin. Thus, our findings endorse the further investigation of this series of compounds for their potential as targeted cancer therapeutic agents. As far as I know, this compound(1827-27-6)Name: 5-Amino-2-fluoropyridine can be applied in many ways, which is helpful for the development of experiments. Therefore many people are doing relevant researches.

Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid(SMILESS: O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O,cas:2150-55-2) is researched.Related Products of 2150-55-2. The article 《Development of magnetic carbon nanotubes for dispersive micro solid phase extraction of the cyanide metabolite, 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, in biological samples》 in relation to this compound, is published in Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:2150-55-2).

2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is a minor metabolite of cyanide and is suggested to be a promising biomarker for cyanide exposure due to its specificity to cyanide metabolism and its excellent short- and long-term stability during storage. In this study, magnetic carbon nanotubes, including magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Mag-MWCNT) and magnetic single-walled carbon nanotubes (Mag-SWCNT) were synthesized as a novel sorbent for dispersive micro solid phase extraction (d-μSPE) to extract ATCA from biol. matrixes. ATCA spiked deionized water samples with the addition of the isotopic internal standard (ATCA – 13C, 15N) were subjected to Mag-CNT/d-μSPE to confirm extraction efficiency of this new technique. The extracted ATCA was derivatized and quantitated using gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC/MS) anal. The extraction parameters were optimized and a detection limits of 15 and 25 ng/mL were obtained for synthetic urine and bovine blood resp. with a linear dynamic range of 30-1000 ng/mL. The optimized Mag-CNT/d-μSPE method facilitated efficient extraction of ATCA using 2 mg of Mag-MWCNT with a 10-min extraction time. The current assay was also found to be effective for the extraction of ATCA with average recoveries of 97.7% and 96.5% from synthetic urine and bovine blood resp. The approach of using Mag-CNT to facilitate d-μSPE offered a novel alternative to extract ATCA from complex biol. matrixes.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Nagasawa, Toru; Yamada, Hideaki published an article about the compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid( cas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O ).Related Products of 2150-55-2. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) through the article.

A review with 21 references on the microbial conversion of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid  [2150-55-2] to L-cysteine  [52-90-4] and cystine  [56-89-3]; the enzymic synthesis of L-cysteine from β-chloro-L-alanine  [2731-73-9] and Na2S by pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes; and the synthesis of D-cysteine  [921-01-7] by β-chloro-D-alanine dehydrochlorinase  [78990-65-5].

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1827-27-6, is researched, Molecular C5H5FN2, about Pyridyl-urea catalysts for the solvent-free ring-opening polymerization of lactones and trimethylene carbonate, the main research direction is pyridyl urea catalyst ring opening polymerization lactone trimethylene carbonate; solvent free green ring opening polymerization pyridyl urea catalyst.Application of 1827-27-6.

The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones is an effective method for the preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, for which the development of efficient organocatalysts with high activity and good controllability is highly desirable. A series of novel pyridyl-urea catalysts was synthesized and applied in the solvent-free ROP of lactones and trimethylene carbonate. Combined with 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (MTBD), the pyridyl-urea/MTBD systems showed a fast and living/controlled behavior in the ROP, generating polymers with narrow mol. weight distributions. The influences of catalyst structure, type of base, pyridyl-urea/base ratio, feed ratio of monomer/initiator and reaction temperature on the catalytic properties were investigated. A possible mechanism was proposed on the basis of NMR titration and dilution experiments

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Enzymatic production of cystine in commercial plant.

For the enzymic production of cystine in a com. plant, the improvement of reaction process, the purification procedure, and the removal process of hydrogen sulfide were studied. Fed-batch process was adapted to the enzymic reaction and optimized. In the purification process, contaminating Fe ion was excluded from cystine products by adding chelating agent and the co-produced hydrogen sulfide was removed by an oxidation method. An improved process was realized in the industrial plant.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

HPLC of Formula: 2150-55-2. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, CAS is 2150-55-2, about Progress on enzymatic synthesis of L-cysteine from DL-ATC by Pseudomonas sp.. Author is Wu, Min; Chen, Wei-qing; Wang, Pu; He, Jun-yao.

A review. The microbial transformation method for L-cysteine production shows evident advantages, because of its short cycle time, low cost, high region and stereoselectivity, easy control of reaction condition, and environment-friendly. Recently, studies on the bioconversion of DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) to L-cysteine by intracellular enzymes were reported. The research progresses on L-cysteine production by microbial bioconversion, especially Pseudomonas sp., or its crude enzyme extract are summarized. The applications of immobilization technol. in the biotransformation of DL-ATC to L-cysteine are introduced. The genetically engineered bacteria and the study progresses of L-cysteine desulfhydrase were also discussed.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Wu, Peng; Bjoern-Yoshimoto, Walden E.; Staudt, Markus; Jensen, Anders A.; Bunch, Lennart published an article about the compound: 4-Aminopyrimidine( cas:591-54-8,SMILESS:C1=CN=CN=C1N ).HPLC of Formula: 591-54-8. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:591-54-8) through the article.

Screening of a library of 49,087 compounds at the excitatory amino acid transporter subtype 3 (EAAT3) led to the identification of 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine which showed a >20-fold preference for inhibition of EAAT3 (IC50 = 13 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (EAAT1: IC50 ∼ 250 μM; EAAT2,4: IC50 > 250 μM). A small lipophilic substituent (Me or bromine) at the 7- and/or 8-position was essential for activity. Furthermore, the substitution pattern of the o-tolyl group (compound I) and the chem. nature of the substituent in the 2-position of tert-Bu 3-(8-bromo-7-methyl-3-(o-tolylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)azetidine-1-carboxylate are essential for the selectivity toward EAAT3 over EAAT1,2. The most prominent analogs to come out of this study are 2-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine and 8-Bromo-2-(furan-2-yl)-N-(o-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine that display ∼35-fold selectivity for EAAT3 (IC50 = 7.2 μM) over EAAT1,2,4 (IC50 ∼ 250 μM).

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Simultaneous oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine from L-cysteine with enzyme reactions from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid》. Authors are Kumon, S.; Shirota, T.; Kitahara, T..The article about the compound:2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acidcas:2150-55-2,SMILESS:O=C(C1N=C(N)SC1)O).COA of Formula: C4H6N2O2S. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:2150-55-2) is conveyed.

A novel system for oxidative reaction crystallization of L-cystine (CySSCy) from L-cysteine (CySH) obtained by simultaneous enzyme reaction was studied. L-cysteine was produced from DL-amino-thiazoline-carboxylic acid (ATC) by enzymes in the same cell grown beforehand. Generally, the processes involving oxidation after enzyme reactions are time consuming and yield small size CySSCy crystals. In the present investigation oxygen was fed simultaneously along with the enzyme reaction in such a way that it was matched both with the production and oxidation rates of CySH yielding CySSCy at an optimum rate, thus minimizing the level of dissolved oxygen which suppresses the activities of the oxygen-sensitive enzymes. As a result, the overall reaction time was reduced and large size CySSCy crystals were obtained, while improving the enzyme reaction yield.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 2150-55-2, is researched, Molecular C4H6N2O2S, about Isolation and genetic improvement of Pseudomonas sp. strain HUT-78, capable of enzymatic production of L-cysteine from DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, the main research direction is cysteine production Pseudomonas fermentation mutagenesis genetic engineering; aminothiazolinecarboxylate hydrolase carbamoylcysteine amidohydrolase Pseudomonas.Reference of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acid.

Microorganisms able to bioconvert DL-2-amino-Δ2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (DL-ATC) into L-cysteine were originally isolated from 10 soil samples with DL-ATC as the sole nitrogen source. Ninety-seven L-cysteine-producing bacterial strains were screened out and obtained in pure culture. Among them, a strain, designated as HUT-78, was selected as the best producer, with a molar bioconversion rate of 60%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence anal., this isolate was placed within the genus Pseudomonas. A novel mutant of this strain with a significantly reduced activity of L-cysteine desulfhydrase, a L-cysteine-decomposing enzyme, was derived by UV-mutagenesis. This mutant, designated as mHUT-78, exhibited a 42% increase in L-cysteine producing activity. Moreover, the bioconversion reactions in both the parent and the mutant strain were significantly accelerated by co-overexpression of the two key enzymes, AtcB and AtcC, involved in the bioconversion reaction.

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Reference:
Pyrazine – Wikipedia,
Pyrazine | C4H4N2 – PubChem