Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics, Recommanded Product: Pyrazine, 290-37-9, Name is Pyrazine, SMILES is C1=NC=CN=C1, belongs to Pyrazines compound. In a document, author is Usman, Muhammad, introduce the new discover.
Characterization and biogas production potentials of aqueous phase produced from hydrothermal carbonization of biomass – Major components and their binary mixtures
Hydrothermal carbonization aqueous phase (HTC-AP) can be used for methane production by anaerobic digestion (AD). However, it generally had low conversion efficiency due to the formation of complex dissolved organic matters, which depends upon the components of biomass. The present study investigated the characteristics, methane potentials, and recalcitrant chemicals of HTC-AP produced from different combinations of model compounds carbohydrate (alpha-cellulose, C) and protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) with mass ratios of 1:0, 0.75:0.25, 0.5:0.5, 0.75:0.25 and 0:1. The methane yields of samples 1:0 (pure C) and 0:1 (pure BSA) were 192 mL/g COD and 187 mL/g COD, respectively, while it was decreased to 105.5 CH4 mL/g COD for sample 0.75:0.25 (C/BSA), indicating more recalcitrant organics were produced with the combination of C and BSA. It was found that the mean MW (209157) of sample 0.75:0.25 was much higher than the other samples (< 7000 Da). While the highest percentage (51%) of hard bio-degradable hydrophobic DOC, humics, and building blocks organics were also observed in this sample by LC-OCD-OND analysis. Furthermore, a high value of SUVA index 2.56 was noted, indicating the presence of a large number of aromatic compounds. In addition, fluorescent compounds mainly relating to humic-like substances were also detected by 3D-EEM. GC-MS analysis showed higher concentrations of pyrazine and its derivatives were present in sample 0.75:0.25, which indicated the occurrence of a serious Maillard reaction. The continuous experiment further verified the lower biodegradability of sample 0.75:0.25 with a methane yield of 108 mL/g COD. It also showed that only 18.9% of the fluorescent components were degraded and 13 recalcitrant chemicals were identified to be hard bio-degradable organics in AD process. A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 290-37-9. Recommanded Product: Pyrazine.